福建平潭外海域夜光藻赤潮期营养元素和溶解态痕量金属动态与响应  

Dynamics of nutrients and dissolved trace metals during an algal bloom of Noctiluca scintillans in the waters off the Pingtan Island,Fujian

作　　者：岳新利 张梦柯 谷利德 钟灏文 戚柳倩 王德利 YUE Xinli;ZHANG Mengke;GU Lide;ZHONG Haowen;QI Liuqian;WANG Deli(State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science,Xiamen University,Xiamen 361102,China;College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Nankai University,Tianjin 300350,China;Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Coastal Ecology and Environmental Studies,Xiamen 361102,China;College of Ocean and Earth Sciences,Xiamen University,Xiamen 361102,China)

机构地区：[1]近海海洋环境科学国家重点实验室(厦门大学),福建厦门361102 [2]南开大学环境科学与工程学院,天津300350 [3]福建省海陆界面生态环境重点实验室,福建厦门361102 [4]厦门大学海洋与地球学院,福建厦门361102

出　　处：《厦门大学学报（自然科学版）》2023年第3期375-384,共10页Journal of Xiamen University：Natural Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金联合基金(U1805242)。

摘　　要：福建平潭外海域春季常发生夜光藻(Noctiluca scintollans)赤潮(又称“蓝眼泪”现象).为探讨这一特殊赤潮时期水体营养要素及痕量金属的变化及响应情况,于2022年4月对该海域(28个站位)进行了大范围的水文、化学及生态观测.水文数据显示平潭东北海域存在季风性涌升现象.营养盐数据表明,平潭海域表层海水总无机氮浓度为6.0~97.7μmol/L,高值区出现在平潭东北的海水涌升区域,其中以铵盐为主(约60%),磷酸盐浓度高达3.0μmol/L.溶解态痕量金属Cd、Co、Ni、Mn的高值区与总无机氮分布基本一致,而Cu在调查海域则表现较稳定.生态数据显示叶绿素a浓度高值区主要出现在近岸以及外侧海域,以小型浮游生物(粒径20~200μm)为主.现场观测和流式细胞计数表明,夜光藻赤潮区域与微型浮游生物(粒径<20μm)分布相吻合,并主要聚集于涌升流区域.上述结果表明,涌升过程带来的营养元素(铵与磷)及金属直接促进了微型浮游生物的生长,是形成平潭海域夜光藻赤潮的重要前提条件之一.Spring algal blooms of Noctiluca scintillans(called"bluesand")occur frequently in the waters off the Pingtan Island,Fujian.To elucidate the change and response of nutrients and trace metals,we surveyed hydrological,chemical and ecological factors in the whole waters(28 stations)during an algal bloom in April 2022.Hydrological data confirmed the occurence of a seasonal water upwelling to the northeast of the Pingtan Island,Fujian.Nutrient data showed that total inorganic nitrogen ranged from 6.0 to 97.7μmol/L in the surface waters with a peak concentration appearing in the water upwelling region to the northeast of the Pingtan Island,where ammonium dominated(accounting for about 60%)and the phosphate concentration reached as high as 3.0μmol/L.The high values of dissolved trace metals Cd,Co,Ni,Mn were basically consistent with those of inorganic nutrients while Cu concentration exhibited relatively stable in the research region.The chlorophyll a concentration data showed that phytoplankton were abundant in the coastal and outer waters,in which the microplankton(particle size 20-200μm)dominated.On-site observation and flow cytometry analysis indicated that the algal bloom appeared in coincidence with nanoplankton(particle size<20μm),which were mainly concentrated in the upwelling zone.The above results provide evidence that high levels of nutrients(ammonium and phosphate)and metals are introduced through upwelling,directly promoting the growth of nanoplankton,and thereafter leading to the further development of the algae bloom off the Pingtan Island,Fujian.

关 键 词：溶解态痕量金属 营养元素 夜光藻 赤潮 平潭外海域 

分 类 号：P76[天文地球—海洋科学]