超亲水PVDF纤维复合膜的制备及其油水分离性能研究  

Preparation of Superhydrophilic PVDF Fiber Composite Membrane and Its Oil-Water Separation Performance

作　　者：俞赫威 李成才[1,2] 徐毅辉 高达利[3] 姜超[3] 张师军 YU Hewei;LI Chengcai;XU Yihui;GAO Dali;JIANG Chao;ZHANG Shijun(Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Fiber Materials and Manufacturing Technology,Zhejiang Sci-Tech University,Hangzhou 310018,China;Zhejiang Provincial Innovation Center of Advanced Textile Technology,Shaoxing 312000,China;SINOPEC(Beijing)Research Institute of Chemical Industry,Beijing 100000,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江理工大学,浙江省纤维材料和加工技术研究重点实验室,浙江杭州310018 [2]浙江省现代纺织技术创新中心(鉴湖实验室),浙江绍兴312000 [3]中石化(北京)化工研究院有限公司,北京100000

出　　处：《水处理技术》2023年第5期36-39,44,共5页Technology of Water Treatment

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFB3801502);中国石化科技开发项目(420053-5)。

摘　　要：为解决聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)膜分离含油废水时亲水性差、易被污染的问题,利用乙烯-co-马来酸酐共聚物(PEMA)的超润湿性能,先将PVDF和PEMA共混后通过静电纺丝制备出富羧基PVDF纤维复合膜,后在纤维表面原位生长微纳米CaCO_(3)颗粒对膜进行矿化处理得到超亲水PVDF纤维复合膜,并将其用于油水分离。探讨PEMA含量和矿化条件对纤维复合膜结构与性能的影响,明确膜微观结构、表面化学组成与膜油水分离性能、抗污染性能之间的关系。结果表明:当PEMA与PVDF质量比为1:4、经3次循环矿化后所制备的PVDF纤维复合膜具有最佳的亲水性能,水接触角从131.12°降至18.55°、在重力下纯水渗透通量为391.96 L/(m^(2)·h);膜具有优异的抗油粘附性能和水下驱油能力,对于正己烷/水、甲苯/水、石油醚/水、大豆油/水、二氯乙烷/水等混合物进行油水分离时效率均高达98.5%以上;10次循环油水分离实验和持续水洗实验表明该纤维复合膜具有很好的恢复性和亲水持久性。To solve the problem of polyvinylidene fluoride(PVDF)membrane's poor hydrophilicity and easy to be polluted in the separation of oily wastewater.The superwettability of ethylene-co-maleic anhydride copolymer(PEMA),PVDF and PEMA were blended to prepare a carboxyl-rich PVDF fiber composite membrane by electrostatic spinning.Then micro-nano CaCO_(3)particles were in-situ grown on the fiber surface to mineralize the membrane,and the obtained superhydrophilic PVDF fiber composite membrane was used for oil-water separation.The effects of PEMA content and mineralization conditions on the structure and properties of fiber composite membranes were investigated,and the relationship between the membrane microstructure,surface chemical composition,oil-water separation performance and anti-fouling performance was clarified.The results showed that when the mass ratio of PEMA to PVDF was 1:4,the prepared PVDF fiber composite membrane after 3 cycles of mineralization has the best hydrophilic performance,the water contact angle decreased from 131.12°to 18.55°,and pure water permeation flux was 391.96 L/(m^(2)·h)under gravity.The membrane has excellent anti-oil adhesion performance and underwater oil displacement ability.And the oil-water separation efficiency of the nhexane/water,toluene/water,petroleum ether/water,soybean oil/water,and dichloroethane/water mixture was as high as 98.5%.The 10 cycles of oilwater separation and continuous water washing experiments showed that the fiber composite membrane has good recovery and hydrophilic durability.

关 键 词：聚偏氟乙烯 乙烯-co-马来酸酐共聚物 亲水化 油水分离 抗污染 

分 类 号：TQ028.8[化学工程]