反应型P-N膨胀型阻燃剂的合成及其在棉织物中的应用  

Synthesis of reactive P-N intumescence flame retardant and its application in cotton fabric

作　　者：毋登辉[1] 李欣航[1] 赵培华[1] WU Denghui;LI Xinhang;ZHAO Peihua(School of Materials Science and Engineering,North University of China,Taiyuan 030051,Shanxi,China)

机构地区：[1]中北大学材料科学与工程学院,山西太原030051

出　　处：《精细化工》2023年第5期1136-1142,1160,共8页Fine Chemicals

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51603194)。

摘　　要：以三聚氯氰、亚磷酸三乙酯和丙三醇为原料,合成了一种反应型P-N膨胀型阻燃剂三氧代(3-磷酸二乙酯-5-氯-1-三嗪)丙三醇(TTCTG),采用FTIR、^(1)HNMR、^(31)PNMR、TG对其进行了表征。通过极限氧指数(LOI)和垂直燃烧实验、TG、SEM测试了TTCTG对棉纤维(CF)的阻燃改性性能。结果表明,TTCTG的热稳定性良好。当TTCTG质量浓度为200 g/L时,阻燃整理后棉织物(TTCTG200-CF)的LOI为27.3%,阻燃等级可达国家标准B1级,同时仍能保持良好的力学性能。TTCTG在284℃便能促进棉织物快速分解成炭,700℃下的残炭率高达48.6%。TTCTG200-CF燃烧后,其表面形成了致密的膨胀炭层,TTCTG200-CF具有良好的阻燃性能。水洗20次后,TTCTG200-CF的阻燃等级仍可达B1级,LOI可达26.4%,TTCTG与棉纤维通过共价键相连而融为一体,赋予棉纤维优良持久的阻燃性能。Trioxo(3-diethylphosphate-5-chlorine-1-triazine)glycerol(TTCTG),a novel reactive P-N intumescence flame retardant,was synthesized from cyanuric chloride,triethylphosphite and glycerol and then characterized by FTIR,^(1)HNMR,^(31)PNMR and TG.The flame resistance of TTCTG on cotton fiber(CF)were further analyzed by oxygen index(LOI),vertical combustion test,TG and SEM.The results showed that TTCTG exhibited excellent thermal stability.The cotton fiber modified with TTCTG(TTCTG200-CF with the mass concentration of TTCTG 200 g/L)showed a LOI of 27.3%while still maintained good mechanical properties,and the flame resistance reached the class B1 of national standard of flame retardant fabric.TTCTG could promote the rapid decomposition of cotton fabric into char at 284℃.The residual carbon rate at 700℃was as high as 48.6%.After TTCTG200-CF was burned,a dense expanded carbon layer was formed on the surface,indicating excellent flame resistance.After washing 20 times,TTCTG200-CF still maintained the class B1 flame resistance with a LOI of as high as 26.4%.TTCTG was integrated with cotton fiber by covalent bond,giving cotton fiber excellent and durable flame resistance.

关 键 词：P-N膨胀型阻燃剂 反应型 棉纤维 阻燃性能 耐水性能 纺织染整助剂 

分 类 号：TS195.5[轻工技术与工程—纺织化学与染整工程]