灯泡贯流泵水力性能和鱼类通过性能的多目标优化研究  

Multi-Objective Optimization Study on the Hydraulic Performance and Fish Survival Rate of the Bulb Tubular Pump

作　　者：叶晓琰[1] 吴跃虎 潘强[1] 张德胜[1] 孙龙月 施卫东 YE Xiaoyan;WU Yuehu;PAN Qiang;ZHANG Desheng;SUN Longyue;SHI Weidong(National Research Center of Pumps and Pumping System,Jiangsu University,Zhenjiang,Jiangsu 212013,China;School of Mechanical Engineering,Nantong University,Nantong,Jiangsu 226019,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏大学流体机械工程技术研究中心,江苏镇江212013 [2]南通大学机械工程学院,江苏南通226019

出　　处：《西安交通大学学报》2023年第5期11-23,共13页Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(52209111);江苏省自然科学基金资助项目(BK20220542);江苏省杰出青年基金资助项目(BK20211547)。

摘　　要：为兼顾泵站运行效率与鱼类通过安全性,结合计算流体动力学、鱼类损伤模型、遗传算法寻优开展多目标优化研究。基于敏感度分析,分别优选了影响贯流泵性能和鱼类存活率的显著因素,采用最优拉丁超立方抽样、Kriging模型、NSGA-Ⅱ算法构建了多目标优化系统,通过分配权重因子得到了效率最优(A)、鱼类存活率最优(C)和两者兼顾(B)的3种寻优方案。结果表明:方案A效率较初设方案提升了5.2%,方案C鱼类存活率较初设方案提升了49.4%;叶片包角、弦高、前伸角是影响水力性能的关键因素,叶片前掠角、前伸角、叶片厚度是影响鱼类存活率的关键因素,且前伸角对两者的作用效果相反;撞击死亡率高度影响鱼类过泵存活率,而撞击概率对此影响较小,可通过加大叶片前缘厚度、增加叶片前掠角、降低前伸角来提升鱼类存活率。该研究成果应可为我国大型泵站群向生态水利方向发展提供参考。The passive passing of fish through the pump station leads to a high proportion of injuries and deaths.To balance the operation efficiency and the safety of fish passing through the pump,this paper employs the computational fluid dynamics in combination with the fish damage model and the genetic algorithm to carry out multi-objective optimization research.Based on the sensitivity analysis,the significant factors affecting the performance of the tubular pump and the survival rate of fish are selected respectively.The optimal Latin hypercube sampling,Kriging model and NSGA-Ⅱalgorithm are used to construct a multi-objective optimization system.Finally,one optimization scheme with the optimal efficiency(A),one with the highest fish survival rate(C)and one that balances both(B)are obtained by assigning weight factors.The results show that the efficiency of scheme A rises by 5.2%and the fish survival rate of scheme C increases by 49.4%,compared with the initial design.The blade wrap angle,chord height and blade forward-extended angle are the key factors affecting hydraulic performance.In contrast,the blade forward-swept angle,forward-extended angle and blade thickness are the critical factors influencing the fish survival rate.Among these factors,the forward-extended angle exhibits opposite influence on the hydraulic performance and fish survival rate.In addition,the mortality by blade strike highly affects the survival rate of fish passing through the pump,while the strike probability has a small impact on this.The survival rate of fish can be improved by increasing the thickness of the blade leading edge,enlarging the blade forward-swept angle and reducing the forward-extended angle.The research results in this paper provide a reference for the ecological-protection-oriented development of large pump stations in China.

关 键 词：灯泡贯流泵 鱼类存活率 生态友好型设计 敏感度分析 多目标优化 

分 类 号：TH311[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]