2020—2021年云南省保山市手足口病病例中柯萨奇病毒A6型基因特征分析  

The genetic characteristics of coxsackievirus A6 from hand, foot and mouth disease cases in Baoshan city, Yunnan province in 2020—2021

作　　者：赵丽娟[1] 姜黎黎[2] 段丽忠[1] 王黎明[1] 黄东升[1] 游晓迪 杨家甜 寸待稳 伏晓庆[2] ZHAO Lijuan;JIANG Lili;DUAN Lizhong;WANG Liming;HUANG Dongsheng;YOU Xiaodi;YANG Jiatian;CUN Daiwen;FU Xiaoqing(Baoshan Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Baoshan,Yunnan 678000,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]保山市疾病预防控制中心,云南保山678000 [2]云南省疾病预防控制中心,云南昆明650022

出　　处：《中国病毒病杂志》2023年第2期150-154,共5页Chinese Journal of Viral Diseases

基　　金：国家科技重大专项(2017ZX10103010)。

摘　　要：目的 分析2020—2021年保山市手足口病柯萨奇病毒A6型(coxsackievirus A6,CVA6)基因特征,为手足口病防控策略制定提供依据。方法 收集2020—2021年保山市手足口病病例标本(粪便、咽拭子),应用实时荧光定量聚合酶链式反应(polymerase chain reaction,PCR)法进行肠道病毒(enterovirus,EV)核酸检测,CVA6阳性者用逆转录-PCR(reverse transcription PCR,RT-PCR)法扩增其完整VP1基因片段,对扩增产物进行测序,利用序列结果进行型别鉴定并构建系统进化树,进行基因特征分析。结果 2020—2021年保山市共采集手足口病样本424份(粪便样本345份,咽拭子79份),CVA16阳性率1.65%(7/424),EV-A71阳性率3.30%(14/424),其他肠道病毒阳性率55.66%(236/424),CVA6阳性23份,阳性率5.42%(23/424);基因进化分析表明,23份CVA6均属于D3亚型,并可分为2个分支(cluster);与CVA6原型株Gdula (AY42176)相比,核苷酸(nucleotide, nt)相似性为80.63%~84.90%,氨基酸(amino acid,aa)同源性为91.78%~96.05%;CVA6 VP1区全长915 bp,编码305个氨基酸,本次研究23株病毒,10个变异位点CVA6均产生了变异。结论 2020—2021云南省保山市手足口病流行以其他肠道病毒为主,CVA6流行基因型为D3a亚型。Objective To analyze the genetic characteristics of coxsackievirus A6(CVA6) causing hand,foot and mouth disease(HFMD) in Baoshan city, so as to provide evidence for prevention and control strategies for HFMD. Methods Stool and throat swab samples of HFMD cases in Baoshan city in the period from 2020 to 2021 were collected. Enterovirus nucleic acid was extracted and detected using real-time polymerase chain reaction(PCR). The full VP1 gene of CVA6-positive samples were amplified using reverse transcription PCR(RTPCR). The amplified products were sequenced, and the sequencing results were used for type identification and phylogenetic tree construction. Result A total of 424 samples were collected from 2020 to 2021, including 345 stool samples and 79 throat swabs. The positive rate of CVA16, enterovirus A71(EV-A71), other enteroviruses(EVs) were 1. 65%(7/424), 3. 30%(14/424) and 55. 66%(236/424) respectively. Twenty-three specimens were CVA6-positive, with a positive rate of 5. 42%(23/424). The phylogenetic analysis showed that all the 23 strains of CVA6 belonged to sub-genotype D3a and could be further divided into 2 clusters. Compared with the prototype strain of CVA6(Gdula), the nucleotide similarity was 80. 63%—84. 90%, and the amino acid homology was 91. 78%—96. 05%. The full VP1 gene had 915 bp, encoding 305 amino acids. Variation was detected in all the 10 variation loci of CVA6 in the 23 strains. Conclusion From 2020 to 2021, HFMD cases in Baoshan in Yunnan province were predominantly caused other EVs. D3a is the main subgenotype of CVA6 circulating in this area.

关 键 词：手足口病 病原检测 柯萨奇病毒A组6型 基因特征分析 

分 类 号：R512[医药卫生—内科学]