日行性朱红毛斑蛾和夜行性斜纹夜蛾成虫复眼结构及其对光暗条件反应的比较研究  

Comparative studies on the structure and response of compound eyes in adults of diurnal moth Phauda flammans(Lepidoptera:Phaudidae)and nocturnal moth Spodoptera litura(Lepidoptera:Noctuidae)to light and dark conditions

作　　者：黄吉山 吴海盼 王小云 陆温[1] 郑霞林[1] HUANG Ji-Shan;WU Hai-Pan;WANG Xiao-Yun;LU Wen;ZHENG Xia-Lin(Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agri-Environmental and Agri-Products Safety,College of Agriculture,Guangxi University,Nanning 530004,China)

机构地区：[1]广西大学农学院,广西农业环境与农产品安全重点实验室,南宁530004

出　　处：《昆虫学报》2023年第4期538-552,共15页Acta Entomologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31660206)。

摘　　要：【目的】本研究旨在比较日行性朱红毛斑蛾Phauda flammans与夜行性斜纹夜蛾Spodoptera litura复眼的外部形态和内部显微结构及自然光照和全黑暗条件下小眼结构和色素颗粒变化的异同,为进一步探索日行性和夜行性蛾类基于视觉的生存和繁殖机制奠定基础。【方法】采用扫描电子显微镜观察朱红毛斑蛾与斜纹夜蛾成虫复眼外部形态并测定其成虫复眼小眼数量与复眼长度等参数,运用石蜡切片技术观察其成虫复眼内部组织结构,通过超景深显微系统观察其成虫复眼在自然光照和全黑暗环境中的光暗适应状态。【结果】斜纹夜蛾成虫的复眼长度[(1.67±0.05)mm]和宽度[1.57±0.02)mm]及小眼数量(8816.38±25.56)均显著大于朱红毛斑蛾成虫的复眼长度[(0.74±0.11)mm]和宽度[(0.66±0.01)mm]及小眼数量(820.55±23.69)。自然光照和全黑暗条件下,斜纹夜蛾成虫复眼发生了明显的明暗适应状态的转变,而朱红毛斑蛾成虫的复眼无明显变化。自然光照条件下,朱红毛斑蛾小眼中的色素颗粒均匀分布于感杆束和晶锥两侧,斜纹夜蛾的则分布在晶锥和透明带之间;全黑暗条件下,两者的视小网膜细胞内色素颗粒均向小眼远端移动,晶锥两侧的色素颗粒增多。与自然光照下相比,全黑暗条件下朱红毛斑蛾的晶锥长度、感杆束长度和视小网膜细胞核长均显著减小,视小网膜细胞核至基膜距离显著增大;斜纹夜蛾的感杆束宽度显著增大,其他小眼结构则无显著变化。自然光照条件下,朱红毛斑蛾的小眼长度、晶锥长度和视小网膜细胞核至基膜距离显著小于斜纹夜蛾的,角膜厚度、感杆束长度、视小网膜细胞核长与宽均显著大于斜纹夜蛾的;全黑暗条件下,朱红毛斑蛾的小眼长度、晶锥长度和视小网膜细胞核至基膜距离亦显著小于斜纹夜蛾的,角膜厚度、晶锥宽度、感杆束长度、视小网膜细胞核长与宽均显著�【Aim】This study aims to compare the difference in the external morphology and internal microstructure of compound eyes and the changes of ommatidial structure and pigment granules between a diurnal moth Phauda flammans and a nocturnal moth Spodoptera litura under natural light and completely dark conditions,so as to lay a foundation for further exploring the survival and reproductive mechanisms of diurnal and nocturnal moths based on vision.【Methods】The external morphology of the compound eyes of P.flammans and S.litura adults was observed,and the parameters such as the number of ommatidia and length of compound eyes were measured by using scanning electron microscopy.The internal tissue structure of the compound eyes of adults were observed using paraffin sectioning technology.The light-and dark-adapted states of compound eyes of adults under natural light and completely dark conditions were observed using digital microscope.【Results】The length[(1.67±0.05)mm]and width[(1.57±0.02)mm]of compound eyes and number of ommatidia(8816.38±25.56)of S.litura adults were significantly greater than those of P.flammans adults[(0.74±0.11)mm,(0.66±0.01)mm and 820.55,respectively].Under natural light and completely dark conditions,the compound eyes of S.litura adults underwent a significant transition in light-and dark-adapted states,while no obvious changes of compound eyes of P.flammans adults were observed.Under natural light condition,the pigment granules of P.flammans were evenly distributed on both sides of the rhabdom and crystalline cone,while the pigment granules of S.litura were distributed between the crystalline cone and the clear zone.Under completely dark condition,the pigment granules in the retinula cells of both species moved to the distal region of the ommatidia,and the pigment granules on both sides of the crystalline cone increased.Under completely dark condition,the length of crystalline cone,rhabdom and retinula cell nucleus of P.flammans significantly reduced,while the distance from retinu

关 键 词：日行性昆虫 夜行性昆虫 复眼 明暗适应 显微结构 感光机制 

分 类 号：Q965[生物学—昆虫学]