真空有载分接开关动力学建模及仿真分析  

Dynamic Modeling and Simulation Analysis of Transformer Vacuum-type On-load Tap Changer

作　　者：张书琦 张耀 汪可 张农 肖毅[3] 李孝银 李刚 李戈琦 ZHANG Shuqi;ZHANG Yao;WANG Ke;ZHANG Nong;XIAO Yi;LI Xiaoyin;LI Gang;LI Geqi(China Electrical Power Research Institute,Haidian District,Beijing 100192,China;Automotive Research Institute,Hefei University of Technology,Hefei 230009,Anhui Province,China;Shanghai Huaming Power Equipment Manufacturing Co.,Ltd.,Putuo District,Shanghai 200333,China)

机构地区：[1]中国电力科学研究院有限公司,北京市海淀区100192 [2]合肥工业大学汽车工程技术研究院,安徽省合肥市230009 [3]上海华明电力设备制造有限公司,上海市普陀区200333

出　　处：《中国电机工程学报》2023年第9期3621-3629,共9页Proceedings of the CSEE

基　　金：国家电网公司科学技术项目:高可靠性常规分接开关关键技术研究(5500-202055350A-0-0-00)。

摘　　要：真空有载分接开关(on-load tap changer,OLTC)具有熄弧能力强、无油碳化污染等优点,已被广泛应用于换流变压器有载调压。真空OLTC机械结构复杂,切换开关动作有严格的先后顺序与时间要求,频繁动作时需承受巨大的机械与电流冲击,机械失效的情况时有发生,影响变压器和换流站的安全运行。为深入研究真空OLTC动作时的机械特性,该文以一台三相真空OLTC切换开关为研究对象,介绍真空OLTC切换开关机械结构与动作特性,提出一种真空OLTC切换开关多体动力学的仿真建模方法,计算出真空OLTC切换开关关键部件的动力学特性,结果表明切换开关动作顺序合理,触头切换准确,但是快速机构对部件的冲击力较大。基于此,该文探究配重块和缓冲机构对切换开关动力学特性的影响,并重新设计切换开关的缓冲机构,结果表明新的缓冲机构能够有效降低切换开关切换冲击力。该研究方法可为真空有载分接开关的机械结构设计与优化提供有益参考。Vacuum-type on-load tap changer(OLTC)has the advantages of strong arc extinguishing ability,oil-free carbonization pollution,and has been widely used in on-load voltage regulation of converter transformers.Vacuum OLTC has complicated mechanical structures,and the switching action has strict sequence and time requirements.It needs to withstand huge mechanical and current impacts during frequent actions,which may trigger mechanical failures,affecting the safe operation of transformers and converter stations.In order to further explore the mechanical characteristics of vacuum OLTC during switching,this paper takes a three-phase vacuum OLTC as the research object,introduces the mechanical structure and operation characteristics of the diverter switch of the vacuum OLTC,proposes a multi-body dynamics simulation modeling method of the diverter switch of the vacuum OLTC,and calculates the dynamic characteristics of the key components of the diverter switch.The result shows that the action sequence of the diverter switch is reasonable and the process of contact switching is accurate,but the impact force of the fast mechanism on the components is relatively large.On this basis,this paper explores the influence of counterweight and buffer mechanism on the dynamic characteristics of the switch,and redesigns the buffer mechanism of the diverter switch.The result shows that the new buffer mechanism can effectively reduce the switching impact.The research method in this paper can provide a useful reference for improving the mechanical stability and reliability of the OLTC.

关 键 词：真空有载分接开关 切换开关 动力学仿真 ADAMS建模 

分 类 号：TM403[电气工程—电器]