耐盐解磷菌筛选鉴定及生理特性研究  

Screening and identification of salt-resistant phosphorus bacteria and its physiological characteristics

作　　者：王宏燕[1] 韩凯鑫 冯丽荣 于志鹏 王露 范金霞[3] 章圣龙 孙岩[1] WANG Hongyan;HAN Kaixin;FENG Lirong;YU Zhipeng;WANG Lu;FAN Jinxia;ZHANG Shenglong;SUN Yan(School of Resources and Environment,Northeast Agricultural University,Harbin 150030,China;Heilongjiang Guohong Environmental Co.,Ltd.,Harbin 150000,China;School of Engineering,Northeast Agricultural University,Key Laboratory of Swine Facilities Engineering,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Harbin 150030,China)

机构地区：[1]东北农业大学资源与环境学院,哈尔滨150030 [2]黑龙江国宏节能环保有限公司,哈尔滨150000 [3]东北农业大学工程学院,农业农村部生猪养殖设施工程重点实验室,哈尔滨150030

出　　处：《东北农业大学学报》2023年第5期28-37,共10页Journal of Northeast Agricultural University

基　　金：黑龙江省“揭榜挂帅”科技攻关项目(2021ZXJ03B05);国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(42107144);黑龙江省博士后面上项目(LBH-Z21113)。

摘　　要：磷是植物生长所必需营养元素,但磷元素利用效率较低,在盐碱土中表现更为突出。施用耐盐解磷微生物是提高盐碱地中磷利用率的有效方式。从黑龙江省齐齐哈尔市盐碱土壤中筛选耐盐碱解磷细菌,利用蒙金娜(PVK)培养基和溶菌肉汤(LB)培养基稀释涂布法,经多次分离纯化获得53株细菌,结合化学测定,最终获得一株解磷能力较强菌株P-W13,经透射电镜和分子生物学鉴定确定解磷细菌P-W13为肠杆菌属(Enterobacter sp.)。该菌株在培养144 h时解磷能力最强,为89.86 mg·L^(-1);该菌株可产生富马酸、丁二酸和丙酸,其中丙酸含量最高,其解磷能力与发酵液pH及菌株生长量之间存在极显著相关性,菌株P-W13在10%NaCl盐分浓度和pH为10时仍表现较强解磷能力;菌株P-W13产生吲哚乙酸(IAA)和胞外多糖含量分别为42.10和72.55 mg·L^(-1);此外,菌株PW13发酵液处理的种子发芽率、芽长、根长相比对照分别提高5.68%、68.35%、94.10%。研究筛选得到的肠杆菌属P-W13菌株具有较强解磷能力、耐盐碱性和植物促生作用,研究为盐碱地改良提供微生物菌种资源。Phosphorus is an essential nutrient for plant growth,but its utilization efficiency is low,especially in saline-alkali soil.Application of salt-tolerant and phosphate-solubilizing microorganisms is an effective way to improve phosphorus utilization rate in saline-alkali soil.Saline-alkali-tolerant and phosphate-solubilizing bacteria were isolated from the saline-alkali soil of Qiqihaer City,Heilongjiang Province.Fifty-three strains of bacteria were isolated and purified by using the dilution and coating method of PVK medium and LB medium.Combined with chemical determination,a strain P-W13 with strong phosphorus solubilizing ability was finally obtained.Through transmission electron microscopy and molecular biology identification,P-W13 was identified as Enterobacter sp.The highest phosphate solubilizing ability of the strain was 89.86 mg·L^(-1) at 144 h of cultivation.The strain could produce fumaric acid,succinic acid and propionic acid,and the content of propionic acid was the highest.There was a significant correlation between the phosphate-solubilizing ability of the strain and the pH value of fermentation broth and the growth rate of the strain.Strain P-W13 showed strong phosphate solubilization ability even at the concentration of 10%NaCl and pH 10.The contents of IAA and EPS produced by strain P-W13 were 42.10 and 72.55 mg·L^(-1),respectively.In addition,the germination rate,shoot length,and root length of seeds treated with strain P-W13 fermentation broth were 5.68%,68.35%and 94.10%,respectively and higher than those of the control.The P-W13 strain of Enterobacter sp.had strong phosphate solubilizing ability,saline-alkali tolerance and plant growth promotion effect,which provided excellent microbial resource for salinealkali soil improvement.

关 键 词：肠杆菌 解磷 盐分 pH 

分 类 号：S154.3[农业科学—土壤学]