太原盆地地面沉降时序InSAR监测与季节性变形小波分析  

Monitoring land subsidence by time series InSAR and wavelet analysis of seasonal deformation in Taiyuan Basin

作　　者：唐伟 赵祥君 康彩琴 杨凯钧 毕刚 王金洋 戴华阳[2] 闫壮壮 TANG Wei;ZHAO XiangJun*;KANG CaiQin;YANG KaiJun;BI Gang;WANG JinYang;DAI HuaYang;YAN ZhuangZhuang(State Key Laboratory of Coal Resources and Safe Mining,China University of Mining and Technology(Beijing),Beijing100083,China;College of Geoscience and Surveying Engineering,China University of Mining and Technology(Beijing),Beijing100083,China;Shanxi Hydrology and Water Resources Survey Station,Taiyuan030001,China;The Second Surveying and Mapping Institute of Hunan Province,Changsha410029,China;Key Laboratory of Natural Resources Monitoring and Supervision in Southern Hilly Region,Ministry of Natural Resources,Changsha410029,China;Shanxi Institute of Surveying,Mapping and Geoinformation,Taiyuan030001,China)

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学(北京)煤炭资源与安全开采国家重点实验室,北京100083 [2]中国矿业大学(北京)地球科学与测绘工程学院,北京100083 [3]山西省水文水资源勘测总站,太原030001 [4]湖南省第二测绘院,长沙410029 [5]自然资源部南方丘陵区自然资源监测监管重点实验室,长沙410029 [6]山西省测绘地理信息院,太原030001

出　　处：《地球物理学报》2023年第6期2352-2369,共18页Chinese Journal of Geophysics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42001368);自然资源部南方丘陵区自然资源监测监管重点实验室开放基金(NRMSSHR2022Y05);煤炭资源与安全开采国家重点实验室2022年开放基金课题(SKLCRSM22KFA08);基于多源数据的重大地质灾害隐患早期识别与监测预警关键技术研究(2021-22);中央高校基本科研业务费项目(2021YQDC05)共同资助。

摘　　要：太原盆地长期过量超采地下水,区域地下水位持续下降,导致了严重的地面沉降.地面沉降的时空演变特征与地下水位的动态演化具有很强的相关性.本文使用2015—2020年的Sentinel-1卫星数据进行时序SBAS-InSAR处理,获取了太原盆地地表形变速率和时间序列,并采用季节性形变模型分离形变时间序列中的线性趋势和季节性周期信号.基于小波变换分析方法,定量分析了地表沉降与地下水位的周期演化特征以及两者之间的时间滞后关系.研究发现:(1)地面沉降主要发生在太原盆地中部(小店—清徐—交城—祁县—太谷一带,速率达到-70.0 mm·a^(-1))、西侧边山(清徐—交城一带,速率达到-63.4 mm·a^(-1))和南部(孝义—介休一带,速率达到-72.2 mm·a^(-1));(2)由于地下水压采和“引黄入晋”引水工程等一系列水资源管理措施的实施,太原市区地下水位回升,地面由沉降转变为抬升,整体抬升速率约9 mm·a^(-1);(3)太原盆地中部(清徐—祁县—太谷一带)地表形变随着地下水位的季节性“开采—补给”作用而呈现出明显的“沉降—反弹”周期变化特征,年周期形变振幅达到26.2 mm;(4)盆地内季节性地表形变和地下水位变化之间的时间滞后关系不明显(仅为22天),说明该区域低渗透粘土对延缓含水层系统压实的影响有限.本文结果可为太原盆地地面沉降防控和水资源可持续开采利用方案的制定提供科学依据.Groundwater overexploitation has been lasted for decades in Taiyuan Basin,causing the regional groundwater level to decline,which has been resulting in serious land subsidence.The temporal and spatial evolution of land subsidence has a strong correlation with the dynamic evolution of groundwater level.In this paper,we processed Sentinel-1satellite data from 2015to 2020by SBAS-InSAR algorithm to investigate the surface deformation in Taiyuan Basin.A seasonal deformation model was used to separate the linear trend and the seasonal periodic signal in the deformation time series.Based on the wavelet analysis method,the periodic evolution characteristics of surface subsidence and groundwater level,and their time-lag relationships were quantitatively analyzed.We found that:(1)land subsidence mainly occurred in the central part of Taiyuan Basin(Xiaodian—Qingxu—Jiaocheng—Qixian—Taigu area,with a maximum rate up to-70.0mm·a^(-1)),in the western part(Qingxu—Jiaocheng area,with a maximum rate up to-63.4mm·a^(-1))and in the southern part(Xiaoyi—Jiexiu area,with a maximum rate up to-72.2mm·a^(-1));(2)due to the implementation of a series of water management practices such as closing wells and the Wanjiazhai Water Diversion project,groundwater level in Taiyuan City has been rising,the land has reversed from subsidence to uplift,with an overall uplift rate about 9mm·a^(-1);(3)the surface deformation in the central part of Taiyuan Basin(Qingxu—Qixian—Taigu area)presented an obvious"subsidence-rebound"periodic variation following with the seasonal"drainage-recharge"behavior of the groundwater level variations;(4)the time-lag relationship between seasonal surface deformation and groundwater level change was not significant(only 22days),indicating that low-permeability clay units in this region have little influence on delaying the compaction of aquifer systems.The results of our paper can provide a scientific support for the formulation of land subsidence prevention and control and sustainable water resource ex

关 键 词：太原盆地 地面沉降 INSAR 地下水 季节性形变 

分 类 号：P237[天文地球—摄影测量与遥感]