木基太阳能界面蒸发器研究进展  

Research progress of wood-based interfacial solar steam generator

作　　者：王小青[1] 戴鑫建 管浩 王鑫 WANG Xiaoqing;DAI Xinjian;GUAN Hao;WANG Xin(Research Institute of Wood Industry,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Beijing 100091,China)

机构地区：[1]中国林业科学研究院木材工业研究所,北京100091

出　　处：《林业工程学报》2023年第3期1-10,共10页Journal of Forestry Engineering

基　　金：中国林业科学研究院基本科研业务费专项资金(CAFYBB2020QA004)。

摘　　要：太阳能界面蒸发作为一种新兴的海水淡化技术,因其能耗低、系统简单、成本低等优点而受到广泛关注。木材作为一种资源丰富、可再生、可生物降解的环境友好型生物质材料,具有独特的多尺度分级结构和丰富的孔隙构造,兼具良好的亲水性与低导热性,是一种极具潜力的太阳能界面蒸发器基体材料。木材通过简单的表面炭化或功能性修饰,即可在保留木材天然结构的基础上提升其表面光热转化能力,实现高效的太阳能界面蒸发。笔者从木材的孔隙构造与化学组成出发,阐述了以木材为基材构建木基太阳能界面蒸发器的天然优势,介绍了木基蒸发器的“双层结构”设计策略,总结了提升木材表面光热转化性能的主要方法,探讨了木材孔隙构造及其结构设计对器件蒸发性能的影响,归纳了当前木基蒸发器的主要抗盐沉积策略,同时分析了木基蒸发器现阶段发展所面临的挑战以及未来研究方向,旨在为促进木材在太阳能海水淡化领域的研究与应用提供参考。Water scarcity has become one of the most serious global challenges facing modern society due to rapid population growth,urbanization,and climate change.As an emerging seawater desalination technology,the solar-driven interfacial evaporation by localization of solar-thermal energy conversion at the air/liquid interface to produce clean water from brine or wastewater,has attracted extensive attention due to its advantages of low energy consumption,easy fabrication,and low cost.A solar-driven interfacial evaporation system typically has a bi-layered structure,in which,the top layer enables photothermal conversion under solar radiation,and the bottom layer supports water transport and usually has low thermal conductivity to minimize the heat loss to the bulk water.As an abundant,renewable,biodegradable,and environmentally friendly natural material,wood possesses a unique low-tortuosity,hierarchical porous structure with high hydrophilicity and low thermal conductivity,making it a highly promising and attractive substrate for fabricating interfacial solar steam generators(ISSG).Via the simple surface functional modification,the photothermal conversion ability of wood surface can be greatly enhanced while retaining its natural porous structure,achieving efficient solar energy interface evaporation.Wood-based solar-driven interfacial water evaporation emerges as a promising and sustainable approach for the water desalination.In this review,starting from the hierarchical porous structure and main chemical compositions of natural wood,the specific advantages of using wood as a substrate for the fabrication of ISSG are highlighted.Inspired by tree transpiration,the“bi-layered structure”design strategy of the wood-based interfacial solar steam generator(WISSG)is introduced.The main methods for improving the photothermal conversion performance of wood surface are summarized,and the influences of pore structure of different wood species and their structural designs on the evaporation performance of WISSG are also discuss

关 键 词：木材 孔隙构造 太阳能界面蒸发 木基太阳能界面蒸发器 海水淡化 

分 类 号：S781[农业科学—木材科学与技术] P747[农业科学—林学]