我国东北地区室内氡浓度水平与变化趋势分析  

Indoor radon concentration and its changing trend in northeastern China

作　　者：武云云[1] 宋延超[1] 张庆召[1] 尚兵[1] 崔宏星[1] 侯长松[1] WU Yunyun;SONG Yanchao;ZHANG Qingzhao;SHANG Bing;CUI Hongxing;HOU Changsong(Key Laboratory of Radiological Protection and Nuclear Emergency,China CDC,National Institute for Radiological Protection,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 100088 China)

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心辐射防护与核安全医学所辐射防护与核应急,中国疾病预防控制中心重点实验室,北京100088

出　　处：《中国辐射卫生》2023年第2期115-118,130,共5页Chinese Journal of Radiological Health

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(12105274)。

摘　　要：目的 初步调查我国东北地区居室氡浓度水平和变化趋势。方法 选择东北地区的沈阳、长春、哈尔滨、黑河和伊春5个城市的多层和高层住宅共261户,采用固体核径迹法累积测量室内氡浓度,测量时间3个月以上。长春进行了为期1年的测量,分析季节变化。结果 5个城市室内氡浓度均值为88 Bq/m^(3),范围为12~558 Bq/m^(3)。室内氡浓度≤100 Bq/m^(3)的房屋占75.1%,室内氡浓度≤300 Bq/m^(3)的房屋占97.7%。室内氡浓度随建筑年代增加呈现增长趋势。冬季室内氡浓度明显高于其他季节;夏季氡浓度明显高于秋季和春季;结论 我国东北室内氡浓度比上世纪八九十年代的调查结果相比,呈现明显升高趋势,冬季取暖季节氡浓度明显偏高,夏季氡浓度明显高于秋季和春季,室内氡污染值得关注。Objective To investigate the indoor radon concentration and its changing trend in northeastern China.Methods We measured indoor radon levels cumulatively for over three months by solid state nuclear track detection in a total of 261 houses in multi-story or high-rise buildings in Shenyang,Changchun,Harbin,Heihe,and Yichun in northeastern China.The measurement lasted one year in Changchun for seasonal changes.Results The average indoor radon concentration in the five cities was 88 Bq/m^(3),ranging from 12 to 558 Bq/m^(3).The indoor radon concentrations were≤100 Bq/m^(3) in 75.1%of the houses,and≤300 Bq/m^(3) in 97.7%of the houses.The indoor radon concentration increased with the age of buildings.The indoor radon concentration was highest in winter,and it was higher in summer than in autumn and spring.Conclusion The indoor radon concentration in northeastern China increased compared with the data of 1980s and 1990s.It is highest in the winter heating season,and higher in summer than in spring and autumn.Indoor radon exposure deserves attention.

关 键 词：居住建筑 节能设计 室内氡浓度 东北地区 季节变化 

分 类 号：X591[环境科学与工程—环境工程]