钻头与岩石互作用下钻柱黏滑振动规律研究  

Study on Drill String Stick-slip Vibration Pattern Under Bit-Rock Interaction

作　　者：幸雪松 庞照宇 武治强[1] 甘伦科 毛良杰 Xing Xuesong;Pang Zhaoyu;Wu Zhiqiang;Gan Lunke;Mao Liangjie(Beijing Research Center,CNOOC Limited;School of Petroleum Engineering,Southwest Petroleum University)

机构地区：[1]中海石油(中国)有限公司北京研究中心 [2]西南石油大学石油与天然气工程学院

出　　处：《石油机械》2023年第5期1-8,共8页China Petroleum Machinery

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目“基于钻杆接触碰撞作用的深水钻井隔水管动力特性与磨损机理研究”(52174006);中海石油(中国)有限公司科技项目“文昌油田群井壁稳定性及安全钻井工艺研究”(CCL2022RCPS0139PSN)。

摘　　要：黏滑振动会引起钻柱上产生高频波动的剪切应力,导致钻柱过早疲劳。为此,在考虑钻头与岩石互作用的情况下,耦合了钻头与岩石互作用模型与钻柱系统4自由度扭转振动模型,建立了考虑钻头与岩石互作用的钻柱系统扭转振动模型,并以现场实测数据对模型精度进行了验证;分析了井深、岩石类型对钻柱系统扭转振动特性的影响规律;据此提出了一些抑制深井/超深井黏滑振动的方法。研究结果表明:井越深越容易发生黏滑振动,且黏滑振动越强;岩石的可钻性越高,钻头在此类岩石中钻进时钻柱系统黏滑振动越弱;使用扭力冲击器等井下动力钻具可以有效地抑制黏滑振动,特别是在硬地层中钻进时,配合攻击性强的钻头可以有效抑制黏滑振动,提高机械钻速。Stick-slip vibration leads to high-frequency shear stress on drill string and premature fatigue of drill string.Therefor,the torsional vibration model of drill string system considering bit-rock interaction was built by coupling the bit-rock interaction model with the four-DOF(degree of freedom)torsional vibration model of drill string system,and verified by field measurements.Moreover,the influences of well depth and rock type on torsional vibration characteristics of the drill string system were analyzed,and some methods to suppress stick-slip vibration in deep/ultra-deep wells were proposed accordingly.The results show that the deeper the well is,the more likely stick-slip vibration is to occur,and the stronger the stick-slip vibration is.Higher drillability of rocks reduces the stick-slip vibration of the drill string system.The use of downhole motors like torque impactor can effectively inhibit stick-slip vibration.Especially in hard formations,such motors combined with an aggressive bit can effectively inhibit stick-slip vibration and improve rate of penetration.

关 键 词：超深井 钻头与岩石互作用 黏滑振动 振动模型 机械钻速 钻柱力学 

分 类 号：TE921[石油与天然气工程—石油机械设备]