梅花鹿魏氏梭菌病的诊断与防治  

Diagnosis and Treatment of ClostridiumPerfringens Disease in Sika Deer

作　　者：王晓旭[1] 鲍坤[1] 徐超[1] 王凯英[1] 杨镒峰[1] 刘志杰 WANG Xiaoxu;BAO Kun;XU Chao;WANG Kaiying;YANG Yifeng;LIU Zhijie(Institute of Special Animal and Plant Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Changchun 130112,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院特产研究所,吉林长春130112

出　　处：《特产研究》2023年第3期13-17,共5页Special Wild Economic Animal and Plant Research

基　　金：中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项项目(Y2021XK23);中国农业科学院科技创新工程项目(CAAS-ASTIP-201X-ISAPS);吉林省科技发展计划项目(20200702057NC)。

摘　　要：为了诊断多个养殖场梅花鹿发病原因,并找到快速有效的防治措施。试验采用流行病学调查、临床症状、病理解剖、细菌分离鉴定和动物实验等方法对多个养殖场患病梅花鹿进行确诊,对分离病原菌进行药敏试验,并采取相应防治措施。结果表明,通过临床症状观察和病理解剖变化,初步诊断是魏氏梭菌引起梅花鹿死亡。分离得到的菌株,其菌落形态和革兰氏染色结果与以往报道的魏氏梭菌相符。对16S rRNA基因及毒素基因进行PCR扩增,测序结果发现,分离菌株与GenBank中魏氏梭菌16S rRNA同源性为98%,使用魏氏梭菌的5种主要毒素基因进行PCR扩增,只有Alpha基因有目的条带,测序结果发现,分离菌株与GenBank中魏氏梭菌Alpha基因同源性为99%,可确定是A型魏氏梭菌。将分离得到的魏氏梭菌接种小鼠,发现小鼠在短时间内全部死亡,且从小鼠体内分离到相同病原。综合以上结果得出,这些鹿场是A型魏氏梭菌感染引发的疾病。In order to diagnose the pathogenesis of sika deer in many farms and find rapid,effective prevention and control measures.In this study,epidemiological investigation,clinical symptoms,pathological anatomy,bacterial isolation and identification,and animal experiments were used to confirm the diagnosis of sika deer in several farms.Drug sensitivity tests were conducted on isolated pathogens,and correspon-ding prevention and control measures were taken.The results showed that the death of sika deer was caused by Cclostridium perfringens.The colony morphology and Gram staining results of the isolated strain were consistent with those of clostridium perfringens previously re-ported.PCR amplification of 16S rRNA gene and toxin gene was carried out.Sequencing results showed that the homology between the iso-lated strain and clostridium perfringens 16S rRNA in GenBank was 98%.PCR amplification was carried out with 5 main toxin genes of clo-stridium perfringens,only the Alpha gene had A target band,which could be identified as clostridium perfringens type A.All the isolated clostridium perfringens died in a short time after inoculation with mice,and the same pathogen was isolated from mice.Combining with the above results,it was concluded that these deer farms were caused by clostridium perfringens type A infection.

关 键 词：梅花鹿 魏氏梭菌 肠毒血症 腹泻 血便 

分 类 号：S858.25[农业科学—临床兽医学]