岑软系列油茶无性系栽培品种配置研究  

The Study on Pollination Disposition of Clones in Cenxi Soft-Branch Camellia oleifera

作　　者：曾雯珺[1] 蔡娅 梁斌[1] 江泽鹏 王东雪[1] ZENG Wenjun;CAI Ya;LIANG Bin;JIANG Zepeng;WANG Dongxue(Guangxi Forestry Research Institute,Guangxi Key Laboratory of Special Non-wood Forest Cultivation and Utilization,Improved variety and cultivation engineering Research Center of oil-tea Camellia in Guangxi,Nanning 530002,China)

机构地区：[1]广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院、广西特色经济林培育与利用重点实验室、广西油茶良种与栽培工程技术研究中心,广西南宁530002

出　　处：《特产研究》2023年第3期59-64,共6页Special Wild Economic Animal and Plant Research

基　　金：广西科技重大专项项目(桂科AA20302021-4);广西十百千人才工程经费。

摘　　要：建立岑软系列油茶无性系的授粉配置模式,为油茶高产栽培提供重要的理论依据。本研究以岑软系列油茶无性系为对象,调查开花物候期、花粉量和花粉活力、无性系间授粉亲和程度。结果表明:9个岑软无性系开花物候期主要集中在11月上旬至12月下旬,根据盛花期分成早花组、中花组和晚花组,岑软ZJ11、岑软ZJ14和岑软362为早花组,岑软ZJ24、岑软3号、岑软22号和岑软24号为中花组,岑软2号和岑软11号则为晚花组。根据杂交授粉亲本盛花期一致的要求,栽培配置时不建议将岑软ZJ11、岑软ZJ14、岑软362与岑软2号、岑软11号搭配种植;各岑软无性系的单个花药花粉粒数量差异显著,大小范围为1186~4706个/花药,通过方差分析和系统聚类,将9个无性系的单花花粉粒总量分为3级,其中岑软22号和岑软11号最多,岑软3号、岑软ZJ14和岑软362最少;各无性系花粉活力也存在显著差异,开花3 d的变化范围为9.56%~100%,除岑软11号和岑软ZJ14开花3 d内花粉活力能保持在80%以上,其余无性系在开花第3天均表现明显的花粉活力变弱,常温贮藏的花粉授粉时应在开花2 d内完成;22个授粉组合中5个组合座果率达到100%,座果率达75%以上的组合有14个。综合考虑盛花期、花粉量和花粉活力等因素设计授粉组合,结合座果情况,在22个组合中最终筛选出了8个适宜的授粉组合分别为岑软ZJ14岑软ZJ11、岑软ZJ14岑软24号、岑软ZJ24岑软2号、岑软ZJ24岑软11号、岑软ZJ24岑软24号、岑软362岑软ZJ11、岑软362岑软ZJ24和岑软362岑软24号。本研究可为广西油茶种质创新提供理论基础。In order to formpollination disposition model of Camellia clones in“Cenruan”series,provide an important theoretical basis for high-yield cultivation of C.oleifera.Camellia clones in“Cenruan”series were taken as the objects to investigate the flowering phenology,pollen quantity and vitality,and the degree of Pollination Compatibility among clones.The results showed that,the blossom periods of the nine clones in“Cenruan”series were mainly concentrated fromearly November to late December,and according to the full flowering stage,it is divided into early flowering group,middle flowering group and late flowering group.Cenruan ZJ11,Cenruan ZJ14 and Cenruan 3-62 belong to the early flower group,Cenruan ZJ24,Cenruan 3,Cenruan 22 and Cenruan 24 belong to the middle flower group,and Cenruan 2 and Cenruan 11 belong to the late flower group.According to the requirement that the hybrid pollination parents have the same flowering period,it is not recommended to plant Cenruan ZJ11,Cenruan ZJ14,Cenruan 3-62 together with Cenruan 2 and Cenruan 11 in the cultivation configuration;The number of pollen grains per anther of 9 Cenruan clones was significantly different,ranging from1186 to 4706 per anther.Through variance analysis and systematic clustering,the total amount of pollen grains per anther of 9 Cenruan clones could be divided into 3 grades,of which Cenruan 22 and Cenruan 11 were the most,Cenruan 3,Cenruan ZJ14 and Cenruan 3-62 were the least;There are also significant differences in pollen vitality among the clones,with the range of 9.56%~100%after three days of flowering.There are also significant differences,except that Cenruan 11 and Cenruan ZJ14 can maintain their pollen vitality above 80%within three days of flowering,the other clones show obvious weakening of pollen vitality on the third day of flowering,so the pollination of pollen stored at room temperature should be completed within 2 days of flowering;Among the 22 pollination combinations,5 combinations had fruit setting rate of 100%,and 14 combinations

关 键 词：岑软系列油茶 全同胞家系 无性系 授粉配置 

分 类 号：S794.4[农业科学—林木遗传育种]