枯草芽孢杆菌Czk1与化学杀菌剂复配对橡胶树炭疽病和白粉病的防效测定  

Control Effect of Bacillus subtilis Czk1 Combined with Chemical Fungicides against Anthracnose and Powdery Mildew of Hevea brasiliensis

作　　者：尹建行 贺春萍[2] 梁艳琼[2] 李锐[2] 张营 YIN Jianhang;HE Chunping;LIANG Yanqiong;LI Rui;ZHANG Ying(College of Agriculture,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,China;Environment and Plant Protection Institute,Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences,Haikou 571101,China;College of Plant Science and Technology,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan 430070,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州大学农学院,贵州贵阳550025 [2]中国热带农业科学院环境与植物保护研究所,海南海口571101 [3]华中农业大学植物科学技术学院,湖北武汉430070

出　　处：《特产研究》2023年第3期65-71,共7页Special Wild Economic Animal and Plant Research

基　　金：海南省院士创新平台科研专项资助项目(SQ2020PTZ0011);海南省自然科学基金项目(320RC692);国家天然橡胶产业技术体系病害防控岗位(CARS-33-BC1)。

摘　　要：为使生防菌部分甚至完全替代化学药剂来防治植物病害,降低化学药剂使用量,削弱化学药剂对生态环境造成的破坏,本研究根据橡胶树炭疽病和白粉病分级标准,对田间施药前后橡胶树叶片进行取样调查。结果表明,对橡胶树炭疽病防效最好的复配剂是Czk1+25%咪鲜胺复配剂中浓度,防效为75.18%。Czk1+25%丙环唑戊唑醇复配剂高浓度的防效为58.24%,低于Czk1+25%咪鲜胺复配剂中浓度,但两者之间的差异不显著。Czk1+25%丙环唑戊唑醇复配剂中浓度、Czk1+25%咪鲜胺复配剂低浓度的防效与对照药剂16%百菌清咪鲜胺三唑酮的防效未有显著差异,分别为39.02%、35.99%和25.57%,但均显著低于Czk1+25%咪鲜胺复配剂中浓度;防治橡胶树白粉病效果较好的复配剂是Czk1+25%丙环唑戊唑醇复配剂中浓度,防效为71.34%。Czk1+25%丙环唑戊唑醇复配剂高浓度、Czk1+25%咪鲜胺复配剂中和低浓度,防效分别为59.54%、64.27%和59.51%,显著低于Czk1+25%丙环唑戊唑醇复配剂中浓度,4个参试浓度复配剂的防效均显著优于对照药剂16%百菌清咪鲜胺三唑酮;增效作用研究结果表明,对防治橡胶树炭疽病和白粉病增效作用最强的复配剂均为Czk1+25%咪鲜胺复配剂中浓度,Czk1+25%丙环唑戊唑醇复配剂只对防治白粉病表现出较好的增效作用,对防治炭疽病的增效作用不明显。Czk1+25%咪鲜胺复配剂中浓度和Czk1+25%丙环唑戊唑醇复配剂中浓度分别对橡胶树炭疽病和白粉病表现出了较好的防效,同时实现了化学农药的减量和增效作用,为开发绿色、高效、可持续的新型橡胶树两种病害防治手段提供了理论支持和实践经验。In order to use biological control agents to replace chemical fungicides for control plant diseases partially or even completely,the use amount of chemical fungicides can be reduced,and the damage cause by the chemical fungicides to the ecological environment can be weakened.According to the grading standards of anthracnose and powdery mildewof rubber trees,the leaves of rubber trees before and after field application were sampled and investigated.The results showed that,(1)the best compound for the control of rubber tree anthracnose is Czk1+25%prochloraz of medium concentration,the control efficacy is 75.18%,the control effect of high concentration Czk1+25%propiconazole tebuconazole was 58.24%,lower than Czk1+25%prochloraz of mediumconcentration,but there was no significant difference between them.There was no significant difference in the control efficacy of Czk1+25%propiconazole tebuconazole of medium concentration,Czk1+25%prochloraz of low concentration and 16%chlorothalonil prochloraz triadimefon,which were 39.02%,35.99%and 25.57%,significantly lower than that of Czk1+25%prochloraz of medium concentration.(2)The combination of medium concentration Czk1+25%propiconazole tebuconazole had better control efficacy on powdery mildew of rubber tree,and the control efficacy was 71.34%.The control efficacies of high concentration Czk1+25%propiconazole tebuconazole,mediumand lowconcentration Czk1+25%prochloraz were 59.54%,64.27%and 59.51%,respectively,which were significantly lower than that of medium concentration Czk1+25%propiconazole tebuconazole.The control efficacies of the four combinations were significantly better than that of the control agent 16%chlorothalonil prochloraz triadimefon.(3)Synergistic effect of the study results showed that themost synergistic compound on the control of rubber tree anthracnose and powdery mildewwere Czk1+25%prochloraz of mediumconcentration,Czk1+25%propiconazole tebuconazole low concentration only showed a better synergistic effect on the control of powdery mildew,the synergisti

关 键 词：橡胶树炭疽病 橡胶树白粉病 枯草芽孢杆菌Czk1 化学杀菌剂 协同防治 田间防效 

分 类 号：S763.7[农业科学—森林保护学]