2018-2021年河南省开封市百日咳病例哨点监测  

Sentinel surveillance of pertussis in Kaifeng city,Henan province,2018-2021

作　　者：黄昌红[1] 郭青艳[2] 孙冬[1] 陆寒[1] 董聪聪[1] 肖孟迎 李艳玲[1] 闫欣慧 HUANG Changhong;GUO Qingyan;SUN Dong;LU Han;DONG Congcong;XIAMengying;LI Yanling;YAN Xinhui(Kaifeng Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Kaifeng,Henan 475000,China;The First Afiliated Hospital of Henan University)

机构地区：[1]开封市疾病预防控制中心,河南开封475000 [2]河南大学第一附属医院

出　　处：《现代疾病预防控制》2023年第5期374-376,387,共4页MODERN DISEASE CONTROL AND PREVENTION

基　　金：开封市科技发展计划项目(1503059)。

摘　　要：目的了解河南省开封市百日咳发病现状及流行特征,为制定百日咳疫情监测及防控策略提供基础数据。方法选择开封市儿童医院、河南大学第一附属医院作为百日咳病例哨点监测医院,对符合百日咳病例定义的患者开展流行病学调查并采集鼻咽拭子及血清标本,对样本进行荧光PCR和PT-Ig G抗体检测。结果2018-2021年共监测报告百日咳822例,其中实验室确诊213例,占25.91%。5岁以下婴幼儿占比高,为49.03%。每月均有病例报告,夏、秋季发病数共518例,占63.02%。全程接种含百日咳成分疫苗的仅占10.95%,不同首诊疾病实验室确诊率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=71.89,P<0.05)。实验室确诊病例中,单核酸阳性、单PT-Ig G阳性、两者均阳性分别占10.83%、9.37%和5.72%。结论开封市百日咳发病情况被低估,建议强化百日咳的实验室诊断能力,优化免疫程序。Objective To understand the current status and epidemic characteristics of pertussis in Kaifeng,Henan,and provide basic data for the formulation of pertussis surveillance and prevention and control strategies.Methods Kaifeng Children's Hospital and the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University were selected as sentinel monitoring hospitals for pertussis cases.Epidemiological investigation was carried out among the cases who met the definition of pertussis cases,and nasopharyngeal swabs and serum samples were collected.The samples were detected by fluorescent PCR and PT-IgG antibody.Results A total of 822 cases of pertussis were reported from 2018 to 2021,of which 213 cases were confirmed by laboratory,accounting for 25.91%.Infants under 5 years old had a high proportion,accounted for 49.03%.A total of 518 cases were reported in summer and autumn,accounting for 63.02%,and cases were reported every month.Only 10.95%of them had been fully vaccinated against pertussis.There was a statistically significant difference of the laboratory-confirmed diagnosis rate among different initial-diagnosed diseases(χ^(2)=71.89,P<0.05).In laboratory confirmed cases,the proportion of being positive was 10.83%for single nucleic acid,9.37%for single PT-IgG,and 5.72%for both.Conclusions The incidence of pertussis in Kaifeng city is underestimated.It is recommended to strengthen the laboratory diagnosis ability of pertussis and optimize the immunization procedure.

关 键 词：百日咳 哨点监测 流行病学特征 实验室诊断 

分 类 号：R181.3[医药卫生—流行病学] R725.1[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]