基于东道国环境视角的在华外资企业撤资影响因素及对策研究  

Research on the Motivation and Countermeasures of Foreign Capital Divestment in China from the Perspective of the Host Country's Environment

作　　者：陈和 吴妙银 Chen He;Wu Miaoyin

机构地区：[1]广东外语外贸大学国际服务经济研究院 [2]广东外语外贸大学经济贸易学院

出　　处：《工程经济》2023年第3期4-18,共15页ENGINEERING ECONOMY

摘　　要：外商直接投资一直是推动我国经济增长的重要引擎。近年在劳动力成本上升和国际贸易保护主义抬头的时代背景下,外资撤资逐步成为我们亟待重视的问题。通过观察我国不同地区、行业的外商撤资现象,从东道国经济环境、政策环境角度实证分析在华外资撤资的影响因素,实证结果表明:一是我国经济环境中的劳动力成本和贸易摩擦程度上升加速了外资企业撤资,且东部地区的劳动力成本影响程度高于中西部地区;我国经济增长速度放缓也是外资企业撤离的重要因素,在分地区讨论中结论依然成立。二是我国政策环境中的税收优惠程度和国际开放度的提高有助于缓解在华外资企业撤资现象,国际开放度的影响路径存在空间差异,东中部地区对外开放程度的降低加剧了在华外资企业撤资,而西部地区无影响。与此同时,政府干预程度也会加剧在华外资企业撤资,其中中西部地区的政府干预程度影响较大,东部地区无影响。Foreign direct investment has always been an important engine to promote Chinese economic growth.In recent years,in the context of rising labor costs and international trade protectionism,the foreign divestment has gradually become an issue that we urgently need to pay attention to.By observing the phenomenon of foreign divestment in different regions and industries in China,this article analyzes the foreign divestment from the perspective of the host country's economic and policy environment.The empirical results show that:(1)In Chinese economic environment field,the increasing labor costs and trade friction has accelerated foreign divestment,and the impact of labor costs in the eastern region is higher than that in the central and western regions.The slowdown in Chinese economic growth is also an important reason for the foreign divestment,and the conclusions are still valid in the discussion of different regions.(2)In Chinese policy environment field,the increase in tax incentives and international openness are helpful to ease the foreign divestment.There are spatial differences in the influence paths of international openness.The reduction in the degree of openness in the central region has significantly affected the foreign divestment,while there is no impact in the east and west regions.At the same time,the degree of government intervention has a positive impact on the foreign divestment.Among them,the degree of government intervention in the central and western regions has a greater impact,while there is no impact in the eastern region.Finally,this article puts forward relevant policy recommendations based on the empirical results obtained.

关 键 词：东道国 外资企业 撤资 经济环境 政策环境 

分 类 号：F832.6[经济管理—金融学]