多环芳烃和多氯联苯全球芯样沉积记录研究及现状综述  

Current Research Status on Global Historical Records of PAHs and PCBs Based on Core Studies

作　　者：谭新来 武英欣 黄跟平 邹红艳 TAN Xin-lai;WU Ying-xin;HUANG Gen-ping;ZOU Hong-yan(Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environment,Tianjin Normal University,Tianjin 300387,China;Department of Chemistry,School of Science,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300072,China)

机构地区：[1]天津师范大学,天津市水资源与水环境重点实验室,天津300387 [2]天津大学理学院化学系,天津300072

出　　处：《化学试剂》2023年第6期11-19,共9页Chemical Reagents

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(21906118)。

摘　　要：存储地质年代信息的芯样如岩芯、冰芯等是重建有机污染物沉积历史的重要工具之一,已被广泛用于研究全球有机污染物的污染历史趋势以及污染来源。与浓度相比,沉积通量能更好地反映有机污染物的沉积历史和排放情况。因此收集了全球基于芯样研究有机污染物沉积通量的相关数据,总结和分析了有机污染物在世界各地的沉积情况,全面阐述了全球有机污染物的沉积记录、空间分布以及使用芯样时应注意的问题。结果表明,多环芳烃(PAHs)在全球的沉积通量总体符合其在研究区域内的生产、排放历史;多氯联苯(PCBs)的沉积通量出现“双峰”现象;在全球气候变暖的趋势下,冰川融化可能会导致所存储的有机污染物重新释放到环境中。同时,在进行不同国家或地区沉积记录的横向比较时,应注意不同研究所测定的污染物种类、数量以及芯样覆盖年份可能会有所不同。通过总结世界各芯样的沉积记录,以期为有机污染物控制和管理提供一定的科学依据。Core samples such as sediment core and ice/firn core that restore geochronological information have been widely used to retrospect the historical records of organic pollutants.Compared with concentrations,deposition flux may better represent the deposition history and emission of organic pollutants.Therein,this paper collected all relevant data of global deposition flux of organic pollutants based on core samples,and comprehensively discussed the deposition records,spatial distribution patterns and issues that should be concerned when using core samples.The results show that the deposition flux of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs) is generally consistent with their production and emission history in the study area,while for the deposition flux of polychlorinated biphenyls(PCBs),the time trend shows a “bimodal” phenomenon.Under the influence of global warming,melting glaciers may lead to the re-release of stored organic pollutants back into the environment.At the same time,when making a horizontal comparison among different countries or regions,it should be noted that the analyzed congener type,numbers and the time period dated in core samples may differ in different studies.This review summarized the deposition history by means of various core samples in the world,which could provide some scientific basis for the control and management of organic pollutants in the future.

关 键 词：多环芳烃 多氯联苯 岩芯 冰芯 沉积通量 历史记录 

分 类 号：O657.7[理学—分析化学]