水氮供应对北疆春玉米产量、水氮利用及品质的影响  

Effects of Water and Nitrogen Supply on Yield,Water-Nitrogen Utilization and Quality of Spring Maize in Northern Xinjiang

作　　者：曲俊杉 洪明[1] 常浩 于秋月 张新乐 QU Jun-shan;HONG Ming;CHANG Hao;YU Qiu-yue;ZHANG Xin-le(College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Hydraulic Engineering Security and Water Disasters Prevention,Urumqi 830052;Soil and Water Improvement Experimental Field of Water Resources Department of the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,Changji 831100,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学水利与土木工程学院/新疆水利工程安全与水灾害防治重点实验室,乌鲁木齐830052 [2]新疆维吾尔自治区水利厅水土改良实验场,新疆昌吉831100

出　　处：《玉米科学》2023年第2期125-135,共11页Journal of Maize Sciences

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区重点研发项目(2020A01003-2);新疆水利科技专项经费项目(TG2020-1);新疆维吾尔自治区教育厅创新项目(XJEDU2017T004);新疆维吾尔自治区科技厅自然科学项目(2018D01B22)。

摘　　要：为了探明膜下滴灌条件下水氮供应对北疆春玉米产量、水氮利用效率以及子粒品质的影响,设计3个灌水量水平和4个施氮量水平共12个处理的双因素测坑试验。结果表明,在同一灌水量条件下,随施氮量的增加,春玉米子粒产量、水分利用效率(WUE)、地上部干物质量、氮素吸收量以及总淀粉和粗蛋白含量,均表现出先增后减的趋势,耗水量无显著变化,氮素利用效率(NUE)和粗脂肪含量分别表现出递增和递减的趋势。在同一施氮量条件下,随灌水量的增加,耗水量、子粒产量、NUE和总淀粉含量以及地上部干物质量与氮素吸收量,均表现出递增趋势,粗蛋白和粗脂肪含量相反,而WUE先增后减。通过CRITIC和TOPSIS综合评价排序,与试验地肥力相近的北疆膜下滴灌春玉米适宜的灌水量为5100 m^(3)/hm^(2)、施氮量为460 kg/hm^(2)。In order to explore the effect of water and nitrogen supply on the yield,water and nitrogen use efficiency and grain quality of spring maize irrigated with drip irrigation under mulch in Northern Xinjiang.Double-factor experiment with three irrigation levels and four nitrogen application levels totally 12 treatments were carried out.The results showed that under the same irrigation amount,with the increase of nitrogen application,the grain yield,WUE,dry biomass above ground,nitrogen accumulation amount,content of total starch and crude protein all showed a trend of increasing first and then decreasing,there is no significant change in water consumption amount,while NUE and crude fat content showed an increasing and decreasing trend respectively.Under the same nitrogen application,with the increase of irrigation amount,water consumption amount,grain yield,NUE,total starch content and dry biomass above ground,nitrogen accumulation amount all showed an increasing trend,while crude protein and crude fat were opposite,and WUE increased first and then decreased.Through CRIRIC and TOPSIS comprehensive evaluation ranking,it is recommended that the suitable irrigation amount of spring maize under mulch drip irrigation in northern Xinjiang with similar fertility to the test site is 5100 m^(3)/ha,and the nitrogen application amount is 460 kg/ha.

关 键 词：春玉米 产量 水氮利用效率 品质 综合评价 

分 类 号：S513.062[农业科学—作物学]