中国晚新生代食肉目演替及其古生态意义  

Evolution,succession and paleoecology of the Late Cenozoic order Carnivora in China

作　　者：江左其杲 姜皓 王世骐[2,3] JIANGZUO Qigao;JIANG Hao;WANG Shiqi(Key Laboratory of Orogenic Belts and Crustal Evolution,School of Earth and Space Sciences,Peking University,Beijing 100871;Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100044;CAS Center for Excellence in Life and Paleoenvironment,Beijing 100044;State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy,Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Nanjing 210008;Jiangsu 5.University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049)

机构地区：[1]北京大学地球与空间科学学院,造山带与地壳演化教育部重点实验室,北京100871 [2]中国科学院古脊椎动物与古人类研究所,中国科学院脊椎动物演化与人类起源重点实验室,北京100044 [3]中国科学院生物演化与环境卓越创新中心,北京100044 [4]中国科学院南京地质古生物研究所现代古生物学和地层学国家重点实验室,江苏南京210008 [5]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《第四纪研究》2023年第3期673-691,共19页Quaternary Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学青年基金项目(批准号:42102001);中国科学院(A类和B类)战略性先导科技专项项目(批准号.XDB26000000和XDA20070203);中国科学院南京地质古生物研究所现代古生物学和地层学国家重点实验室自主项目(批准号:223113)共同资助;科技部第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究项目(批准号:2019QZKK0705)。

摘　　要：本研究系统回顾了中国晚新生代食肉目的演化以及食肉目动物群的演替关系。以属、族或亚科为单位,探讨了我国新近纪和第四纪时期食肉目13个科成员的地史分布和相关类群的生态习性。根据食肉目亚科一级别的演替规律,探讨了中国晚新生代的气候环境变化,支持以下观点:在早中新世气候相对温和,食肉目组成上包含较多的古老、不擅长奔跑的类型;中中新世开始气候趋于干旱化,出现一些四肢修长、擅长在开阔地区追击猎物的类型;晚中新世时期华北气候强烈干旱化,出现了大量以鬣狗科为代表的适应开阔环境的属种,但一些林地组分依然存在,指示这个时期的环境并非典型的草原,依然有较多树木存在;上新世时期华北气候再次变得温暖湿润,鬣狗科大量灭绝,灵猫科等东洋界分子北上;第四纪时期随着冰期的到来,华北再次变成以开阔环境主导,而华南地区一直较为稳定,为温暖湿润的森林环境主导。In this work,we review the evolution,succession,and paleoecology of the Late Cenozoic carnivoran in China.Our review mainly focuses on the genera,tribes,or subfamilies level of 13 families of the order Carnivora,and provides information on their geographic and chronological distribution and possible habitat.Canidae began to diversified since the Pliocene,and became flourished since the Quaternary;Amphicyonidae flourished in Early and Middle Miocene,and went extinct by middle Late Miocene;Ursidae appeared in Early Miocene,and has a succession of Hemicyoninae,Ailuropodinae and Ursinae;Mephitidae were mainly present in the Late Miocene,and went extinct by the Late Pliocene;Ailuridae were mainly present in the Middle and Late Miocene,and scarcely present in Quaternary;Mustelidae began to diversified in the Middle Miocene,and continued to flourish since then to Quaternary;Nimravidae were sparsely present in the Middle Miocene;Palaeogalidae were present in the Early Miocene;Felidae became flourished in the Late Miocene by Machairodontinae,and replaced by Felinae in Quaternary;Prionodontidae and Herpestidae only have sparse records in Quaternary;Viverridae have fossil records since the Early Miocene,and continued to Quaternary;Hyaenidae appeared in the Early/Middle Miocene boundary,represented by Percrocutinae,and became flourished in the Late Miocene,then experienced diversity loss at the end of the Late Miocene,but continued to be an important member in the ecosystem until the Late Pleistocene.Based on the succession pattern of Carnivora at the subfamily level,we discuss the environmental change in China during the Late Cenozoic.Our analyses support that the paleoenvironment in the Early Miocene was mild and had high forest coverage in Northern China,and the Carnivoran is mainly represented by forest dwellers.During the Middle Miocene,some cursorial species appeared,suggesting the trend of aridification in Northern China.The Late Miocene witnessed strong aridification in Northern China,and the Carnivora guild changed

关 键 词：中国 晚新生代 食肉目 地史分布 古生态 

分 类 号：P534.62[天文地球—古生物学与地层学] Q915.874[天文地球—地质学]