喂养方式对西安地区0~2个月婴儿肠道菌群的影响  

Effects of feeding methods on intestinal flora of infants aged 0-2 months in Xi'an

作　　者：赵馨[1] 李国花 张明新 马雨哲 钱卫生 季金文 鲁曦 ZHAO Xin;LI Guo-hua;ZHANG Ming-xin;MA Yu-zhe;QIAN Wei-sheng;JI Jin-wen;LU Xi(School of Food Science and Engineering,Shaanxi University of Science&Technology,Xi′an,Shaanxi 710021,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]陕西科技大学食品科学与工程学院,陕西西安710021 [2]空军军医大学唐都医院 [3]西安市中医医院儿科

出　　处：《中国微生态学杂志》2023年第4期380-388,共9页Chinese Journal of Microecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31970115);陕西省科技厅重点研发计划(2022NY-030)。

摘　　要：目的探讨母乳和混合喂养方式对西安地区婴儿肠道菌群的影响。方法收集24例0~2月龄西安地区健康婴儿粪便样本,根据婴儿的喂养方式,将样本分为母乳喂养组(17例)和以奶粉为主的混合喂养组(7例)。利用16S rRNA基因测序技术对不同喂养方式的婴儿肠道菌群进行测序,比较不同喂养方式对婴儿肠道菌群多样性和菌群差异的影响。结果母乳喂养组婴儿粪便样本Ace指数和Chao1指数显著高于混合喂养组(t=4.886,P<0.05;t=6.855,P<0.05),Shannon指数显著低于混合喂养组(t=2.126,P<0.05)。门水平上,2组样本均以放线菌门、厚壁菌门、变形菌门和拟杆菌门为主,但比例存在差异。相比混合喂养组,母乳喂养组婴儿粪便样本放线菌门和拟杆菌门丰度显著升高(U=6,P<0.05;U=0,P<0.05),厚壁菌门和变形菌门丰度显著降低(U=24,P<0.05;U=16,P<0.05)。属水平上,母乳喂养组婴儿粪便样本双歧杆菌相对丰度(72.04%)显著升高,同时发现罗氏菌属和葡萄球菌属相对丰度也高于混合喂养组(U=17,P<0.05;U=28,P<0.05);而混合喂养组婴儿粪便样本中,克雷伯菌属、肠球菌属及韦荣球菌属相对丰度显著升高(U=19,P<0.05;U=12,P<0.05;U=28,P<0.05)。结论母乳喂养可能通过提高婴儿肠道菌群丰富度和部分益生菌相对丰度,同时降低条件致病菌比例等方式影响婴儿肠道菌群。Objective To observe the effects of breast feeding and mixed feeding on intestinal flora of infants in Xi'an.Methods The intestinal stool samples of 24 healthy infants aged 0-2 months in Xi'an were collected.According to the feeding mode of the infants,the samples were divided into breast feeding group(17 cases)and mixed feeding group(7 cases).16S rRNA gene sequencing technology was used to analyze the effects of different feeding methods on intestinal microorganisms in infants.Results The Ace index and Chao1 index in breast feeding group were significantly higher than those in mixed feeding group(t=4.886,P<0.05;t=6.855,P<0.05),and Shannon index was significantly lower than that in mixed feeding group(t=2.126,P<0.05).At the phylum level,the microbes in the stool samples from the two groups were mainly Actinobacteria,Firmicutes,Proteobacteria and Bacteroidota,however,there were differences in the proportion:compared with mixed feeding,breast feeding significantly increased the abundances of Actinobacteria and Bacteroidota(U=6,P<0.05;U=0,P<0.05),while reduced the abundances of Firmicutes and Proteobacteria(U=24,P<0.05;U=16,P<0.05).At the genus level,breast feeding significantly increased the relative abundance of Bifidobacterium(72.04%),and the relative abundances of Rothia and Staphylococcus were also higher than that in the mixed feeding group(U=17,P<0.05;U=28,P<0.05).In the mixed feeding group,the relative abundances of Klebsiella,Enterococcus and Veillonella were significantly increased(U=19,P<0.05;U=12,P<0.05;U=28,P<0.05).Conclusion Breast feeding may affects the intestinal flora of infants by increasing the richness of intestinal flora and the relative abundances of some probiotics,while reducing the proportion of opportunistic pathogens.

关 键 词：喂养方式 婴儿 肠道菌群 

分 类 号：R725.7[医药卫生—儿科]