生物多样性保护视域下野生动物致害补偿制度的立法完善  

Legislative perfection of wildlife damage compensation system from the perspective of biodiversity protection

作　　者：秦鹏[1] 向往 QIN Peng;XIANG Wang(Law School,Chongqing University,Chongqing 400044,China;School of Law and Sociology,Chongqing Technology and Business University,Chongqing 400067,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆大学法学院,重庆400044 [2]重庆工商大学法学与社会学学院,重庆400067

出　　处：《中国软科学》2023年第4期201-212,共12页China Soft Science

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费重大项目“绿色发展的法律制度和政策体系研究”(2020CDJSK08PT05)。

摘　　要：野生动物致害补偿制度与生物多样性保护理念有所偏离,在加快生物多样性法治建设和实施生物多样性保护重大工程的背景下,应当予以纠正和完善。通过勾勒和描绘野生动物致害补偿制度的立法体系、逻辑与实践,并站在生物多样性保护视域下从制度系统的内部和外部两个维度审视野生动物致害补偿制度。研究发现:一方面,授权地方立法的模式影响了野生动物致害补偿制度建构的完备性,且难以保障制度的有效性,而补偿范围与生物多样性保护的整体性理念明显不符;另一方面,野生动物致害补偿制度未与有关生物多样性保护制度实现衔接,形成生物多样性保护法律制度体系。未来野生动物致害补偿制度应强化中央对野生动物致害补偿统筹立法、加强地方人大引导和监督补偿办法制定、扩大野生动物保护与致害补偿立法范围、推动生物多样性保护立法实现制度衔接,保障生物多样性保护理念的扎根落实。The compensation system for wildlife damage deviates from the concept of biodiversity protection,which should be corrected and improved in the context of speeding up the legal construction of biodiversity and implementing major projects for biodiversity protection.By outlining and describing the legislation system,logic and practice of the compensation system for wildlife damage,and from the perspective of biodiversity protection,we examine the compensation system for wildlife damage from the internal and external dimensions of the system.The study found that,on the one hand,authorized local legislation mode influences the construction compensation system for damage caused by the wildlife of completeness,and hard to the effectiveness of the security system,and the compensation scope and the integrity of the biodiversity protection concept differs markedly,on the other hand compensation system for damage caused by the wildlife and the biodiversity protection system to achieve cohesion,Forming a legal system for biodiversity protection.Future compensation system for damage caused by the wildlife should strengthen the legislation as a whole the compensation for the damage caused by the wild animals and to strengthen the place National People’s Congress to guide and supervise the compensation method development,expanding the scope of the damage caused by the wildlife protection and compensation legislation and promote biodiversity protection legislation to implement system cohesion,ensure biodiversity protection concepts rooted in implementation.

关 键 词：野生动物致害补偿制度 生物多样性保护 立法 法治 

分 类 号：D922.6[政治法律—环境与资源保护法学]