经济需求视角下日本的大学科研模式与运行机制分析  被引量:3

Analysis on the Mode and Operating Mechanism of University Research in Japan from the Perspective of Economic Demand

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作  者:崔健[1,2] 侯庆敏 CUI Jian;HOU Qingmin(Jilin University,Changchun 130012)

机构地区:[1]吉林大学东北亚研究中心,吉林长春130012 [2]吉林大学东北亚研究院,吉林长春130012

出  处:《中国高教研究》2023年第5期63-70,共8页China Higher Education Research

基  金:教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目“东北亚国际与地区重大问题跟踪及应对研究”(22JJD810035)的研究成果。

摘  要:日本的大学科研实力一直处于世界较为领先地位,从经济需求视角分析日本的大学科研模式与运行机制,更能领悟其独到之处。日本的大学科研具有典型巴斯德象限科研模式特征,以经济需求为纽带,大学基础科研形成了经济需求导向下受经济需求约束、激励和保障的外部运行机制。在经济需求影响下,日本的大学科研在寻求行政和学术平衡的科研自治、设定迎合经济需求的科研经费分配机制、产出和转化满足经济需求的科研成果和科研能力三个层次上,由投入产出要素运行的基本轨迹与组织管理结构发挥的机能共同形成内部运行机制。日本的大学科研模式和运行机制,体现出了科研的主动性与弹性,但也面临现实的挑战。University research in Japan has always held a leading position in the world.Analyzing the mode and operating mechanism of university research in Japan from the perspective of economic demand can better understand its uniqueness.Research mode and operating mechanism of Japanese universities are characterized by a typical Pasteur Quadrant Research Model,which is linked by economic demand.University research has formed an external operating mechanism that is constrained,incentivized,and guaranteed by economic demand under the guidance of economic demand.Under the influence of economic demand,research of Japanese universities has formed an internal operating mechanism where investment factors and organizational management structures work together.There are three levels:striving for administrative and academic balance in research autonomy;setting up a research funding allocation mechanism that caters to economic demand;and transforming research achievements and capabilities that meet economic demand.The research mode and operating mechanism of Japanese universities reflect the initiative and flexibility of research,but they also face practical challenges.

关 键 词:经济需求 日本 大学科研 巴斯德象限 模式 运行机制 

分 类 号:G644[文化科学—高等教育学]

 

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