温室农业生态系统土壤有机碳与重金属关系研究进展  

Research Progress on the Relationship Between Soil Organic Carbon and Heavy Metals in Greenhouse Agroecosystems

作　　者：沈乾春 王艳[1] 王欣然 张军莹 王彤 SHEN Qianchun;WANG Yan;WANG Xinran;ZHANG Junying;WANG Tong(School of Energy and Environment Engineering,Zhongyuan University of Technology,Zhengzhou 450007,China;Zhongyuan Environmental Protection Company Limited,Zhengzhou 450000,China)

机构地区：[1]中原工学院能源与环境学院,河南郑州450007 [2]中原环保股份有限公司,河南郑州450000

出　　处：《黑龙江农业科学》2023年第6期101-107,共7页Heilongjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31500394);河南省重点研发与推广专项(科技攻关)(192102310040);2021年河南省高等教育教学改革研究与实践项目(学位与研究生教育)(教研〔2021〕480号2021SJGLX146Y)。

摘　　要：温室农业生态系统作为农田生态系统的一部分,因种植的高肥需求以及连作的特点导致其与农田生态系统不同,在已有的研究中,温室农业生态系统中的土壤有机碳和重金属的含量要高于农田生态系统。土壤有机碳作为土壤肥力的基础,同时还影响着温室气体的排放,在生态系统碳循环中占据着重要地位。土壤重金属作为土壤重要的污染物之一,它在土壤中的富集、迁移、淋溶影响着农作物和环境的质量,还会对人体健康造成威胁。因此本文综述了土壤有机碳和土壤重金属的研究进展,以及二者在农田生态系统中的关系,为后续研究二者在温室农业生态系统中的关系做铺垫。研究表明,影响农田土壤有机碳和重金属的因素主要有大气沉降、灌溉、肥料的施用,而温室土壤的影响因素主要为有机肥的不合理施用和种植年限,虽然过量施用有机肥和增加种植年限能够有效增加土壤有机碳,但是这也造成土壤重金属在土壤中富集。土壤有机碳会络合吸附土壤中的重金属离子,并且还会引起土壤酸化,进而提高重金属的有效性和迁移性,二者之间呈现正相关性,所以合理控制土壤有机碳输入会在一定程度上减少温室农业生态系统土壤重金属的污染。As a part of farmland ecosystem,greenhouse agricultural ecosystem is widely planted in China.Different from farmland planting,due to the high fertilizer demand of greenhouse planting and the characteristics of continuous cropping,the content of soil organic carbon and heavy metals in greenhouse agricultural ecosystem is higher than that in farmland ecosystem in previous studies.Soil organic carbon,as the basis of soil fertility,also affects greenhouse gas emissions,and plays an important role in ecosystem carbon cycle.As one of the most important pollutants in soil,the concentration,migration and leaching of heavy metals in soil affect the quality of crops and the environment,and also pose a threat to human health.Therefore,the paper reports the research progress of soil organic carbon and soil heavy metals,as well as the specific relationship between them in the farmland ecosystem,which paves the way for the follow-up research on the relationship between them in the greenhouse agricultural ecosystem.Studies have shown that the factors affecting the organic carbon and heavy metals in farmland soil mainly include atmospheric sedimentation,irrigation and fertilizer application.The factors affecting greenhouse planting are mainly the unreasonable application of organic fertilizer and the planting years.Although excessive application of organic fertilizer and increasing the planting years can effectively increase the organic carbon in soil,it also causes the enrichment of heavy metals in soil.Soil organic carbon will complexly adsorb heavy metal ions in soil and cause soil acidification,which will improve the availability and migration of heavy metals.There is a positive correlation between the two.Therefore,reasonable control of soil organic carbon input will reduce soil heavy metal pollution to a certain extent.

关 键 词：土壤有机碳 土壤重金属 有机肥 种植年限 温室农业生态系统 

分 类 号：S153.6[农业科学—土壤学] X144[农业科学—农业基础科学]