糯高粱F_(2)群体农艺性状数量遗传分析  

Quantitative Genetic Analysis of Agronomic Traits in F_(2) Population of Waxy Sorghum

作　　者：姜昱雯 赵强 张国兵 周棱波 汪灿 邵明波 JIANG Yuwen;ZHAO Qiang;ZHANG Guobing;ZHOU Lingbo;WANG Can;SHAO Mingbo(Guizhou Institute of Upland Crops,Guiyang,Guizhou 550006,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州省旱粮研究所,贵州贵阳550006

出　　处：《贵州农业科学》2023年第6期7-13,共7页Guizhou Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：贵州省特色杂粮产业技术体系建设专项资金项目[黔农财(2018)81];贵州省农业科学院专项资金项目[黔农科院种质资源(2022)07];财政部和农业农村部国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-06-14.5-B26)。

摘　　要：【目的】探明糯高粱F_(2)群体农艺性状数量遗传规律,为酒用高粱新品种选育提供参考。【方法】选取糯质高粱基础材料湘10721和青稞洋进行组配获取F_(2)群体,通过主基因-多基因分离分析,筛选各性状最优模型,并计算主基因遗传率。【结果】糯高粱F_(2)的旗叶长、茎粗、株高均符合2MG-ADI,为加性-显性-上位性混合遗传模型,主基因遗传率分别为99.90%、99.99%、99.72%;穗长符合2MG-CD,为完全显性遗传模型,主基因遗传率为95.83%;穗柄长符合2MG-A,为加性混合遗传模型,主基因遗传率为99.79%;旗叶宽遗传模型为0MG,即不受主基因控制,为受微效多基因控制的性状。【结论】糯高粱F_(2)的旗叶长、茎粗、株高、穗长、穗柄长5个性状的遗传率较高,可以在育种早代进行选择,旗叶宽属微效多基因控制的性状,遗传不稳定,受环境影响较大,在育种高世代进行选择更为准确。【Objective】The law of quantitative heredity of agronomic traits in waxy sorghum F_(2) population is explored,so as to provide reference for breeding new cultivar of liquor-making sorghum.【Method】Xiang 10721 and Qingkeyang are assembled to obtain the F_(2) population.Through segregating analysis of major gene-polygene,the optimal model of all traits is screened out,and the inheritance rate of major gene is calculated.【Result】The length of flag leaf,stem diameter and plant height are all accordant with 2MG-ADI,which is the hybrid genetic model of additive-dominance-epistasis,and the inheritance rate are 99.90%,99.99%and 99.72%,respectively;The spike length is accordant with 2MG-CD,which are genetic model of fully dominance,and the inheritance rate is 95.83%;The length of spike stalk is accordant with 2MG-A,which are hybrid genetic model of additive,and the inheritance rate is 99.79%;The genetic model of width of flag leaf is 0MG,which means that it isn’t controlled by major gene,but controlled by polygene.【Conclusion】The inheritance rate of length of flag leaf,stem diameter,plant height,spike length,length of spike stalk of F_(2) population from waxy sorghum are higher,indicating that they can be chosen during the cultivation of early generation.The width of flag leaf are controlled by polygene with unstable inheritance,and are greatly affected by the environment,indicating that it should be chosen during the cultivation of advanced generation to be more accurate.

关 键 词：高粱 农艺性状 数量遗传分析 主基因 多基因 遗传率 

分 类 号：S514.032[农业科学—作物学]