不同遗传背景玉米RIL家系种子的活力特征  

Seed Vigor Characteristics of Maize RIL Populations with Different Genetic Background

作　　者：赵博文 王彬[1] 纪坤 薛浩 赵霖熙 韩赞平[1] ZHAO Bowen;WANG Bin;JI Kun;XUE Hao;ZHAO Linxi;HAN Zanping(Henan University of Science and Technology,Luoyang,Henan 471023,China)

机构地区：[1]河南科技大学,河南洛阳471023

出　　处：《贵州农业科学》2023年第6期14-21,共8页Guizhou Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：河南省科技攻关计划项目“玉米C型细胞质雄性不育基因的克隆及种质创制”(212102110244);河南科技大学科研启动基金项目“玉米优异种质资源创制”(13480067)。

摘　　要：【目的】探明玉米重组自交系(RILs)家系群体种子的活力特征,为玉米优异种质资源创制和强优势杂交组合配置提供参考。【方法】利用豫82×沈137(群体1)和豫537A×沈137(群体2)重组自交系家系及其3个亲本的玉米种子为材料,对其籽粒性状(百粒重、籽粒长、籽粒宽、含水量、电导率、蛋白质含量、可溶性糖含量、丙二醛含量)、发芽性状(发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数、活力指数)及幼苗性状(苗长、苗干重)进行描述性分析、相关性分析和主成分分析。【结果】群体1和群体2均以发芽势的变异系数最大,分别为56.38%和68.67%;籽粒宽、百粒重、苗长、苗干重、发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数、活力指数等8个性状的变异系数群体2大于群体1。在2个群体的籽粒性状与发芽性状关系中,除群体2的百粒重与发芽率和活力指数呈显著正相关外,其他籽粒性状与发芽性状均无显著正相关。主成分分析将群体1和群体2的14个性状分别转化为5个和4个主成分,累计贡献率分别为78.778%和76.414%。【结论】2个玉米RILs群体的百粒重、苗干重和发芽率呈双向超亲分离,发芽势变异系数最大。活力指数、发芽指数、发芽势和发芽率显著相关;群体1的籽粒性状与发芽性状无显著相关,群体2的百粒重与发芽率和活力指数呈正相关。基于主成分分析对2个玉米RILs群体的籽粒性状和发芽性状进行综合评价,群体2的得分明显高于群体1,群体2中得分高的株系可用于育种实践。【Objective】The seed vigor characteristics of maize RILs populations is discussed to provide a reference for creation of excellent germplasm resources and arrangement of strong dominance hybridized combinations in maize.【Method】The kernel traits(100-kernel weight,kernel length,kernel width,moisture,conductivity,protein content,soluble sugar content and MDA content),germination traits(germination rate,germination vigor,germination index and vigor index)and seedling traits(seedling height and dry seedling weight)of Yu 82×Shen 137(population 1),Yu 537×Shen 137(population 2)and three parents are analyzed in description,correlation and PCA.【Result】The variable coefficient of germination vigor of population 1 and population 2 reaches 56.38%and 68.67%respectively.The variable coefficients of kernel width,100-kernel weight,seedling height,dry seedling weight,germination rate,germination vigor,germination index and vigor index of population 2 are higher than population 1.Except the 100-kernel weight is positively and significantly related to germination rate and vigor index in population 2,there are no significant positive correlations between other kernel traits and germination traits in population 1 and population 2.14 traits of population 1 and population 2 are translated to five and four principal components respectively and their accumulative contribution rate reaches 78.778%and 76.414%separately.【Conclusion】The 100-kernel weight,dry seedling weight and germination rate of two maize RIL populations show the bidirectional transgressive segregation and the variable coefficient of germination vigor is the maximum.The vigor index,germination index,germination vigor are significantly related to germination rate.There are no significant correlations between kernel traits and germination traits in population 1.100-kernel weight is positively related to germination rate and vigor index in population 2.The kernel traits and germination traits of two maize RIL populations are comprehensively evaluated by PCA a

关 键 词：玉米 重组自交系 发芽性状 种子活力 相关性 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]