有机液肥对漂浮育苗有机生态烟苗生长及生理特性的影响  

Effects of Liquid Organic Fertilizers on Growth and Physiological Property of Organic Ecological Tobacco Seedlings Cultured by the Floating System

作　　者：郑华 黄兰 彭宇 郭亮[1] 韦斌 张瑞亚 熊瑶 ZHENG Hua;HUANG Lan;PENG Yu;GUO Liang;WEI Bin;ZHANG Ruiya;XIONG Yao(Guizhou Tobacco Company,China National Tobacco Corporation,Guiyang,Guizhou 550003;Bijie Tobacco Company,Guizhou Tobacco Company,Guiyang,Guizhou 553399,China)

机构地区：[1]中国烟草总公司贵州省公司,贵州贵阳550003 [2]贵州省烟草公司毕节市烟草公司,贵州毕节553399

出　　处：《贵州农业科学》2023年第6期27-32,共6页Guizhou Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：中国烟草总公司贵州省公司重点研发项目“基于卷烟品牌原料需求的烟叶定制化生产体系研究与应用”(2022XM21)。

摘　　要：【目的】探明有机液肥对漂浮育苗有机生态烟苗生长及生理特性的影响,为生态有机烟育苗提供技术支撑。【方法】采用漂浮育苗方法研究施用等量清水(CK)、常规育苗专用肥(1 g/L,T_(1))、沼液(22.06 mL/L,T_(2))和鱼蛋白有机液肥(5.75 mL/L,T_(3))对漂浮育苗有机生态烟苗生长及生理特性的影响。【结果】不同处理成苗期烟苗的株高、最大叶宽和最大叶长分别为12.4~17.6 cm、6.1~7.9 cm和14.3~18.4 cm, 3个施肥处理间差异均不显著;叶片数和茎围分别为8.1~8.2片/株和7.4~7.6 cm,各处理间差异不显著。地上部、地下部的干重和鲜重分别为2.50~5.88 g/0.35~0.63 g和14.08~36.55 g/6.72~16.37 g, 3个施肥处理均显著高于CK;干物质量根冠比为0.08~0.14,不同处理间差异不显著。净光合速率、气孔导度、胞间CO_(2)浓度和蒸腾速率分别为8.43~13.62μmol/(m^(2)·s)、0.21~0.42 mol/(m^(2)·s)、187.21~231.03μmol/mol和2.28~2.72 mmol/(m^(2)·s),其中,3个施肥处理的净光合速率、气孔导度和胞间CO_(2)浓度均显著高于CK,各处理间蒸腾速率差异不显著。过氧化物酶、过氧化氢酶、超氧化物歧化酶活性和丙二醛含量分别为52.39~63.18 U/g FW、1.02~1.54 U/g FW、54.48~68.41 U/g FW和7.73~12.59 nmol/g FW,3个施肥处理均显著高于CK。【结论】施用沼液烟苗的农艺性状、生物量积累、光合特性和酶活性均与常规育苗专用肥差异不大,沼液是替代常规育苗专用肥实现烟苗漂浮育苗有机化的最佳肥源。【Objective】The effects of different liquid organic fertilizers on growth and physiological property of organic ecological tobacco seedlings cultured by the floating system are explored to provide the technical support for breeding of organic ecological tobacco seedlings.【Method】The effects of three liquid organic fertilizers[1 g/L conventional special fertilizer(T_(1)),22.06 mL/L biogas slurry(T_(2))and 5.75 mL/L fish protein organic liquid fertilizer(T_(3))]on growth and physiological property of organic ecological tobacco seedlings cultured by the floating system are studied by taking the equivalent clean water as CK.【Result】The plant height,maximum leaf width and maximum leaf length of T_(1),T_(2),T_(3) and CK tobacco seedlings are 12.4-17.6 cm,6.1-7.9 cm and 14.3-18.4 cm respectively and there are no significances among T_(1),T_(2) and T_(3) treatments.The leaf number/seedling and stem girth of T_(1),T_(2),T_(3) and CK tobacco seedlings are 8.1-8.2 and 7.4-7.6 cm respectively and there are no difference among T_(1),T_(2),T_(3) and CK.The dry/fresh weight of aboveground and underground parts of T_(1),T_(2),T_(3) and CK tobacco seedlings are 2.50-5.88 g/0.35-0.63 g and 14.08-36.55 g/6.72-16.37 g respectively and the dry/fresh weight of aboveground and underground parts of T_(1),T_(2) and T_(3) tobacco seedlings is higher than CK significantly.The dry matter root/shoot ratio of T_(1),T_(2),T_(3) and CK tobacco seedlings is 0.08-0.14 and there is no difference among T_(1),T_(2),T_(3) and CK.The net photosynthetic rate,stomatal conductance,intercellular CO_(2) concentration and transpiration rate of T_(1),T_(2),T_(3) and CK tobacco seedlings are 8.43~13.62μmol/(m^(2)·s),0.21-0.42 mol/(m^(2)·s),187.21-231.03μmol/mol and 2.28-2.72 mmol/(m^(2)·s)respectively.The net photosynthetic rate,stomatal conductance and intercellular CO_(2) concentration of T_(1),T_(2) and T_(3) are higher than CK but there is no difference in transpiration rate among T_(1),T_(2),T_(3) and CK.The leaf POD,CAT and SOD activity

关 键 词：云烟87 漂浮育苗 有机生态烟 有机肥 烟苗 生理特性 

分 类 号：S572.043[农业科学—烟草工业]