青藏高原高寒地区移植草皮的植物多样性特征  

Plateau Plant Diversity Characteristics of Transplanted Turf in Alpine Areas of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

作　　者：赵志强 杜晓宇 刘星 曹鹏熙 ZHAO Zhi-qiang;DU Xiao-yu;LIU Xing;CAO Peng-xi(CCCC Road&Bridge North Engineering Co.Ltd.,Beijing 100000,China;College of Life Sciences,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072,China;School of Science,Tibet University,Lhasa 850000,China)

机构地区：[1]中交路桥北方工程有限公司,北京市100000 [2]武汉大学生命科学学院,武汉市430072 [3]西藏大学理学院,拉萨市850000

出　　处：《公路》2023年第5期360-364,共5页Highway

基　　金：科技横向项目“西藏高海拔严寒地区草皮移植技术研究”,项目编号ZJLJ-2019-38;西藏自治区自然科学基金项目,项目编号XZ202001ZR0023G;2021年中央财政支持地方高校改革发展专项资金项目西藏大学生态文明研究中心建设项目,项目编号藏财预指[2021]60号。

摘　　要：青藏高原高寒草地生态系统极其脆弱,植物生长周期短,在海拔4000 m以上高速公路建设中,缺少高寒草地草皮移切割植样方规格设置的技术及经验。通过对国道109线那曲至拉萨公路改建工程(那曲至羊八井段)第二标段草皮植物物种多样性进行调查,对不同规格样方的草皮植物结构组成及ɑ多样性进行研究。结果表明,那曲至拉萨高速公路高寒草地物种主要有高山嵩草(Kobresia pygmaea)、钉柱委陵菜(Potentilla saundersiana)、二裂委陵菜(Potentilla bifurca)、藏菠萝花(Incarvillea younghusbandii)、独一味(Lamiophlomis rotata)、针茅(Stipa capillata)、鹅绒委陵菜(Potentilla anserina)等,其中高山嵩草是建群种和优势物种;草皮的切割样方最合适尺寸为50 cm×50 cm,当样方大小为50 cm×50 cm时,切割样方内的植物多样性、丰富度及植被覆盖度基本保持稳定,不再有上升趋势。这一研究结论为高寒地区的高速公路建设等工程中草皮的移植提供给了可行性方案。The alpine grassland ecosystem on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is extremely fragile,with a short plant growth cycle.In the construction of highways with sea waves above 4000 m,the technology and experience in setting the specifications of alpine grassland turf transplanting samples are rare.In this study,the species diversity of turf plants in the second section of the reconstruction project of the National Highway 109 from Nagqu to Lhasa(Nagqu to Yangbajing section)are investigated,and the structural composition andɑdiversity of turf plants in the sample squares with different specifications are studied.The results show that the alpine grassland species of the Naqu-Lhasa highway mainly consisted of Kobresia pygmaea,Potentilla saundersiana,Potentilla bifurca,Incarvillea younghusbandii,Lamiophlomis rotata,Stipa capillata,Potentilla anserina,etc.,of which K.pygmaea is the established and dominant species;the most suitable size of the cut sample of turf is 50 cm×50 cm,and when the sample size is 50 cm×50 cm,the plant diversity,richness and vegetation cover within the cut sample basically remain stable and no longer increasing.The findings of this study provide a feasible solution for transplanting turf in highway construction projects in alpine regions.

关 键 词：高寒地区 植物多样性 移植草皮 样方规格 高速公路 

分 类 号：U418.9[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程] Q948.12[生物学—植物学]