杭州市美沙酮维持治疗患者脱失的影响因素分析  

Influencing factors of dropping-out from methadone maintenance treatment in Hangzhou City

作　　者：杨冰声 曹承建[1] YANG Bingsheng;CAO Chengjian(Department of Methadone Outpatient,Hangzhou Occupational Disease Prevention and Control Hospital,Hangzhou,Zhejiang 310014,China)

机构地区：[1]杭州市职业病防治院美沙酮门诊,浙江杭州310014

出　　处：《预防医学》2023年第6期522-525,共4页CHINA PREVENTIVE MEDICINE JOURNAL

摘　　要：目的分析杭州市美沙酮维持治疗(MMT)患者脱失的影响因素,为提高MMT依从性提供依据。方法采用整群随机抽样方法从杭州市8个行政区各抽取1家MMT门诊,以2020年12月—2021年6月登记在册的≥18岁治疗者为调查对象。采用问卷调查收集基本信息、治疗前6个月违法犯罪情况和家庭社会关系等资料,采用多因素logistic回归模型分析MMT患者脱失的影响因素。结果调查MMT患者315例,年龄为(45.33±7.63)岁。男性245例,占77.78%;女性70例,占22.22%。脱失207例,脱失率为65.71%。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,年龄≥60岁(OR=0.080,95%CI:0.018~0.350)、在职(OR=0.415,95%CI:0.236~0.727)、无吸毒相关传染病(OR=0.411,95%CI:0.231~0.731)、平均服药剂量≥60 m L/次(OR=0.431,95%CI:0.236~0.787)和不与吸毒朋友交往(OR=0.328,95%CI:0.185~0.582)的MMT患者脱失的可能性较低,与家人关系差(OR=2.905,95%CI:1.127~7.488)的MMT患者脱失的可能性较高。结论2020年12月—2021年6月杭州市MMT患者脱失的影响因素有年龄、工作状态、吸毒相关传染病、服药剂量、与家人关系和是否与吸毒朋友交往。Objective To analyze the factors affecting the dropping-out from methadone maintenance treatment(MMT)in Hangzhou City,so as to provide the evidence for improving the compliance to MMT.Methods One MMT clinic was sampled from each of the eight districts in Hangzhou City using a cluster random sampling method,and patients that received MMT and were at ages of 18 years and older and registered during the period from December 2020 through June 2021 were recruited.Participants'basic characteristics,illegality and crime within 6 months prior to MMT and family and social relationships were collected through questionnaire surveys,and factors affecting the dropping-out from MMT were identified using a multivariable logistic regression model.Results A total of 315 outpatients were included from MMT clinics.The participants had a mean age of(45.33±7.63)years,and included 245 men(77.78%)and 70 women(22.22%),with a dropping-out rate of 65.71%.Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed a low likelihood of dropping-out from MMT among patients at ages of 60 years and older(OR=0.080,95%CI:0.018-0.350),employees(OR=0.415,95%CI:0.236-0.727),patients without drug-related infectious diseases(OR=0.411,95%CI:0.231-0.731),patients with per dossing of 60 mL and higher(OR=0.431,95%CI:0.236-0.787)and patients without contact with drug-using friends(OR=0.328,95%CI:0.185-0.582),and a high possibility of dropping-out from MMT among patients with poor relationship with family members(OR=2.905,95%CI:1.127-7.488).Conclusion Age,working status,drug-related infectious diseases,dosing,relationship with family members and contact with drug-using friends affected the dropping-out from MTT in Hangzhou City.

关 键 词：美沙酮维持治疗 脱失率 影响因素 

分 类 号：R163[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]