甘南藏族自治州老年人群健康素养调查  

Health literacy among the elderly in Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture

作　　者：彭晶 傅文婷[2] 杨秀琳[1] PENG Jing;FU Wenting;YANG Xiulin(Department of Medical,Northwest Minzu University,Lanzhou,Gansu 730030,China;Gansu Provincial Maternity and Child Care Hospital(Gansu Provincial Central Hospital),Lanzhou,Gansu 730050,China)

机构地区：[1]西北民族大学医学部,甘肃兰州730030 [2]甘肃省妇幼保健院(甘肃省中心医院),甘肃兰州730050

出　　处：《预防医学》2023年第6期546-550,共5页CHINA PREVENTIVE MEDICINE JOURNAL

基　　金：甘肃省青年科技基金计划项目(21JR1RA208);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(31920230066)。

摘　　要：目的了解甘肃省甘南藏族自治州老年人群健康素养水平并分析影响因素,为制定老年人健康素养提升策略提供依据。方法于2021年6—9月,采用多阶段整群随机抽样方法抽取甘南藏族自治州3125名≥60岁居民为调查对象,采用《全国居民健康素养监测调查问卷》调查老年人健康素养水平;采用多因素logistic回归模型分析老年人健康素养的影响因素。结果发放问卷3125份,回收有效问卷3022份,回收有效率为96.70%。男性1562人,占51.69%;女性1460人,占48.31%。年龄为(67.37±5.78)岁。少数民族1234人,占40.83%。具备健康素养181人,具备率为5.99%;其中基本知识和理念、健康生活方式与行为和基本技能3个方面健康素养具备率分别为13.57%、8.97%和7.67%。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,汉族(OR=2.266,95%CI:1.497~3.431)、文化程度(文盲/半文盲,OR=0.097,95%CI:0.038~0.246;小学,OR=0.125,95%CI:0.051~0.303;初中,OR=0.276,95%CI:0.113~0.672;高中/职高/中专,OR=0.307,95%CI:0.125~0.757)、企业职工(OR=1.791,95%CI:1.089~2.947)和家庭年收入<1万元(OR=0.526,95%CI:0.294~0.940)是老年人健康素养的影响因素。结论甘南藏族自治州老年人健康素养较低,民族、文化程度、职业和家庭年收入是主要影响因素。Objective To investigate the level and influencing factors of health literacy among the elderly in Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture,Gansu Province,so as to provide the evidence for developing the strategy to improve health literacy among the elderly.Methods A total of 3125 residents at ages of 60 years and older were recruited from Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture with a multistage random cluster sampling method from June to September,2021.The level of health literacy was investigate among the elderly using the Questionnaire on the Health Literacy among Chinese Residents,and factors affecting the health literacy were identified using a multivariable logistic regression model.Results A total of 3125 questionnaires were allocated and 3022 valid questionnaires were recovered,with an effective recovery rate of 96.70%.The respondents included 1562 men(51.69%)and 1460 women(48.31%),and had a mean age of(67.37±5.78)years.The participants included 1234 individuals with an ethnic minority(40.83%).The overall prevalence of health literacy was 5.99% among participants,and the prevalence rates of basic healthy knowledge and attitudes,healthy lifestyles and behaviors and basic health-related skills were 13.57%,8.97% and 7.67%,respectively.Multivariable logistic regression analysis identified Han Ethnicity(OR=2.266,95%CI:1.497-3.431),educational level(illiteracy/semi-illiteracy,OR=0.097,95%CI:0.038-0.246;primary school,OR=0.125,95%CI:0.051-0.303;junior high school,OR=0.276,95%CI:0.113-0.672;high school/vocational high school/technical secondary school,OR=0.307,95%CI:0.125-0.757),enterprise workers(OR=1.791,95%CI:1.089-2.947)and annual household income of less than 10000 RMB(OR=0.526,95%CI:0.294-0.940)as factors affecting health literacy among the elderly in Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture.Conclusions The level of health literacy is low among the elderly in Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture,and ethnicity,educational level,occupation and annual household income are main factors affecting the level of health lite

关 键 词：老年人 健康素养 影响因素 

分 类 号：R193[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]