干旱胁迫对小麦籽粒相关性状的影响  

Effect of Drought Stress on Grain Related Traits in Common Wheat

作　　者：杨莉 桑萌育 丁志强 冯伟森 赵严 张学品 吴少辉 刘瑞芳 赵德辉 YANG Li;SANG Mengyu;DING Zhiqiang;FENG Weisen;ZHAO Yan;ZHANG Xuepin;WU Shaohui;LIU Ruifang;ZHAO Dehui(Luoyang Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences/Henan Engineering Research Center for Drought Resistant and Water-saving Wheat Breeding,Luoyang 471023,China;College of Agronomy,Henan University of Science and Technology,Luoyang 471000,China)

机构地区：[1]洛阳市农林科学院/河南省抗旱节水小麦育种工程技术研究中心,河南洛阳471023 [2]河南科技大学农学院,河南洛阳471000

出　　处：《山西农业科学》2023年第6期620-627,共8页Journal of Shanxi Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：河洛青年人才托举工程项目(2022HLTJ09);河南科技大学博士科研启动基金(13480100);河南省农业良种联合攻关项目(2022010101);国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-3-75);洛阳市农林科学院科技创新基金。

摘　　要：为了解小麦千粒质量等籽粒性状响应干旱胁迫的规律,为选育小麦抗旱品种提供基础材料,选用20份洛阳市农林科学院选育的抗旱小麦品种高代品系和18份审定品种,采用旱棚鉴定法测定14个籽粒相关性状,研究干旱胁迫对各性状的影响和各性状与抗旱指数的相关性。结果表明,供试小麦的籽粒千粒质量、面积、周长、粒长、粒长/粒宽、直径、圆度、颜色(绿和蓝)分量值和Lab颜色模型3个要素均受干旱胁迫影响。抗旱指数与千粒质量、籽粒面积、周长、粒长、粒宽、直径和颜色通道a(r为0.37~0.71)呈显著正相关;与籽粒颜色R和G、Lab颜色模型亮度和颜色通道b(r为-0.40~-0.44)呈显著负相关。抗旱级别强的小麦品种(系)的千粒质量、面积、周长、粒长、粒宽、直径、圆度和颜色通道a显著大于抗旱级别弱的小麦品种(系)。供试材料的抗旱系数为0.75~1.24,抗旱系数在1.09以上的品种(系)有10个,其中4个为洛阳市农林科学院选育的高代品系,可以用来选育抗旱品种;水地品种丰德存麦1号、洛麦26以及丰德存麦21属于强抗旱品种,百农207、新麦36、中麦895等属于中等抗旱品种,在生产中可以结合实际推广利用。To understand the law of the response of wheat grain traits such as thousand grain weight to drought stress and provide fundamental materials for breeding drought resistant wheat varieties,in this study,taking twenty drought resistant varieties and high-generation breeding lines bred by Luoyang Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences and 18 approved,the dry shed identification method was used to determine 14 grain related traits,and effect of drought stress on the traits and correlation between the traits and drought resistance index(DRI)were analyzed.The results showed that thousand grain wheat(TGW),grain area(GA),grain circumference(GC),grain length(GL),the ratio of grain length to grain width,grain diameter(GD),grain roundness(GR),grain color(green and blue)component values,and three components of the Lab color model were significantly affected by drought treatment.DRI had significantly positive correlation with the traits including TGW,GA,GC,GL,grain width(GW),GD,and color channel a(r was 0.37-0.71,P<0.05),and had significantly negative correlation with the traits including grain color R and G,brightness of Lab color model,and color channel b(r was-0.40--0.44,P<0.05).TGW,GA,GC,GL,GW,GD,GR,and color channel a of the wheat varieties(lines)with stronger drought resistant level were significantly greater than those of the wheat varieties(lines)with weaker drought resistant level.The DRI ranged from 0.75 to 1.24.Ten varieties(lines)had DRI larger than 1.09,and four of them were high-generation breeding lines bred by Luoyang Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences and could be used for drought-resistant variety breeding.The water land varieties including Fengdecunmai 1,Luomai 26,and Fengdecunmai 21 were the varieties with strong drought resistance,the varieties such as,Bainong 207,Xinmai 36,and Zhongmai 895 and other varieties were the varieties with medium drought resistance,and they could be utilized combined with practice in production.

关 键 词：普通小麦 干旱胁迫 抗旱指数 籽粒性状 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]