黄芪根腐病病原菌的分离鉴定及对其抑制作用分析  

Isolation and Identification of Pathogens Causing Astragalus membranaceus Root Rot and Analysis of Its Inhibition Effects

作　　者：牛景萍 燕翔 石志勇 宋诗娟 刘娇娇 杜杰 原艳欣 史将 梁建萍[1,2] NIU Jingping;YAN Xiang;SHI Zhiyong;SONG Shijuan;LIU Jiaojiao;DU Jie;YUAN Yanxin;SHI Jiang;LIANG Jianping(College of Life Sciences,Shanxi Agricultural University,Taigu 030801,China;Shanxi Key Lab.for Modernization of TCVM,Shanxi Agricultural University,Taigu 030801,China)

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学生命科学学院,山西太谷030801 [2]山西农业大学中兽医药现代化山西省重点试验室,山西太谷030801

出　　处：《山西农业科学》2023年第6期690-695,共6页Journal of Shanxi Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：山西省基础研究计划青年科学研究项目(20210302124371);2022年特优农业高质量发展科技支撑工程课题(TYGC-47);山西农业大学科技创新基金项目(2018YJ31);山西省现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(2021-11);山西省重点研发计划(社发领域)项目(201903D321204);山西省黄芪资源产业化及产业国际化协同创新中心项目(HQXTCXZX2016-004)。

摘　　要：黄芪(Astragalus membranaceus)是膜荚黄芪和蒙古黄芪的干燥根,根部受病原菌侵染会导致根腐病发生,根腐病会严重影响黄芪的药用价值及其产业的发展。黄酮和皂苷类物质属于黄芪的次级代谢物,也是黄芪的主要药用成分。为了明确黄芪根腐病致病菌类型以及黄芪黄酮和皂苷对病原菌的抑制作用,为防治该致病菌引起的根腐病以及研究黄芪次级代谢物参与黄芪抗病奠定基础,从山西省浑源县取回黄芪病株进行病原菌的分离鉴定,并研究黄芪根部总黄酮和总皂苷对病原菌生长的抑制作用;通过形态学观察、ITS序列分析和致病性鉴定,明确黄芪根腐病病原菌为腐皮镰刀菌HYFS-1。结果表明,30%的无水乙醇对腐皮镰刀菌菌落生长无影响,可作为总黄酮和总皂苷的稀释液;当总黄酮质量浓度为0.3 mg/mL时,对菌落生长具有显著抑制作用,平均抑制率为16.42%;当总皂苷质量浓度为0.5 mg/mL时,对菌落生长具有显著抑制作用,平均抑制率高达85.42%。Astragalus membranaceus is the dried root of Astragalus membranaceus(Fisch.)Bge.and Astragalus membranaceus Bunge var.Mongholicus(Bge.)Hsiao.Infection of Astragalus membranaceus roots by pathogen can lead to the occurrence of root rot which seriously affects the medicinal value of Astragalus membranaceus and the development of its industry.Flavonoids and saponins belong to the secondary metabolites and are also the main medicinal components of Astragalus membranaceus.In order to clarify the types of the pathogen of root rot and the inhibition effects of flavonoids and saponins on the pathogen,and lay a foundation for prevention and control of root rot caused by the pathogen and study on the involvement of secondary metabolites in Astragalus membranaceus disease resistance,in this study,the pathogenic bacteria were isolated and identified from the diseased plant from Hunyuan,Shanxi province,and the inhibition effects of total flavonoids and astragalosides on the growth of pathogenic bacteria were studied.Through morphological observation,ITS sequence analysis,and pathogenicity identification,the pathogen was identified as Fusarium solani HYFS-1.The results showed that 30%of anhydrous ethanol had no effect on the growth of Fusarium solani and could be used as diluent of total flavonoids and astragalosides.When the mass concentration of total flavonoids was 0.3 mg/mL,the colony growth was significantly inhibited and the average inhibition rate was 16.42%.When the mass concentration of astragalosides was 0.5 mg/mL,the colony growth was significantly inhibited and the average inhibition rate was up to 85.42%.

关 键 词：黄芪根腐病 腐皮镰刀菌 总黄酮 总皂苷 抑制作用 

分 类 号：S435.67[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]