山西省某奶牛场球虫病流行病学调查与虫种鉴定  

Epidemiological Investigation and Species Identification of Coccidiosis in A Dairy Farm in Shanxi Province

作　　者：张昱 董博文 吕晓玲 郑明学[1] 白瑞[1] ZHANG Yu;DONG Bowen;LÜXiaoling;ZHENG Mingxue;BAI Rui(College of Veterinary Medicine,Shanxi Agricultural University,Taigu 030801,China)

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学动物医学学院,山西太谷030801

出　　处：《山西农业科学》2023年第6期696-701,共6页Journal of Shanxi Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31602029);山西省自然科学研究面上项目(202103021224165);晋中市科技重点研发计划(Y212010)。

摘　　要：为了解山西省忻州某奶牛场艾美耳球虫感染率和虫种分布,为后期球虫病治疗及牛群饲养管理提供临床依据,采用饱和盐水漂浮法对采自奶牛场200头产后母牛和600只犊牛的800份新鲜粪便样品进行球虫卵囊分离收集,采用麦氏虫卵计数法和PCR方法对球虫卵囊进行检查和种类鉴定。结果表明,奶牛场艾美耳球虫的总感染率为32.75%,0~3月龄和5~12月龄犊牛的球虫感染率分别为36.33%和43.00%,产后母牛的球虫感染率为12.00%,5~12月龄犊牛的球虫感染情况较0~3月龄犊牛严重,产后母牛感染情况轻于犊牛;通过序列比对分析共鉴定出4种牛艾美耳球虫,分别是邱氏艾美耳球虫(77.48%)、牛艾美耳球虫(41.22%)、奥博艾美耳球虫(31.68%)和椭圆艾美耳球虫(14.50%),以邱氏艾美耳球虫为优势虫种;所调查的奶牛中有多重感染的情况,鉴定的262份阳性粪便样本中有117份为感染2种以上球虫,混合感染率为44.66%,发现最多可混合感染4种球虫。5~12月龄犊牛的球虫混合感染情况较0~3月龄犊牛严重,而产后母牛多以1种球虫感染。To understand the infection rate and species distribution of Eimeria coccidium in a dairy farm in Xinzhou city,Shanxi province,and provided clinical basis for the treatment of coccidiosis and cattle feeding management in the later period,in this study,coccidian oocysts in a total of 800 fresh fecal samples of 200 postpartum cows and 600 calves from a dairy farm were collected and isolated by saturated saline floating method.The oocysts of coccidia were examined and identified by Mackerella egg counting method and PCR.The results showed that the total infection rate of Eimeria in the dairy farm was 32.75%.The infection rate of Eimeria in 0-3 month old and 5-12 month old calves was 36.33%and 43.00%,respectively.The infection rate of Eimeria in postpartum cows was 12.00%,and the infection rate of Eimeria in 5-12 month old calves was worse than that in 0-3 month old calves.The infection rate of postpartum cows was less than that of calves.Four different species of bovine Eimeria coccidium were identified by sequence alignment analysis,including E.zuernii(77.48%),E.bovis(41.22%),E.auburnensis(31.68%),and E.ellipsoidalli(14.50%),with E.zuernii as the dominant species.There were multiple infections in the investigated cows.Among the 262 positive fecal samples identified,117 were infected with more than two kinds of coccidia,and the mixed infection rate was 44.66%.It was found that up to four kinds of coccidia could mixedly infect.The mixed infection of coccidia in calves aged 5-12 months was more serious than that in calves aged 0-3 months,and one type of coccidium was more common in postpartum cows.

关 键 词：奶牛 艾美耳球虫 饱和盐水漂浮法 麦氏虫卵计数法 流行病学 

分 类 号：S855.9[农业科学—临床兽医学]