含钾盐添加剂细水雾-惰性气体协同灭火实验研究  

Experimental study on of synergistic fire extinguishing of fine water mist containing potassium salt additive and inert gas

作　　者：罗振敏 孟子骐 王涛 王子瑾 LUO Zhenmin;MENG Ziqi;WANG Tao;WANG Zijin(School of Safety Science and Engineering,Xi’an University of Science and Technology,Xi’an Shaanxi 710054,China;Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Industrial Process Safety&Emergency Rescue,Xi’an Shaanxi 710054,China;Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Coal Fire,Xi’an Shaanxi 710054,China)

机构地区：[1]西安科技大学安全科学与工程学院,陕西西安710054 [2]陕西省工业过程安全与应急救援工程技术研究中心,陕西西安710054 [3]陕西省煤火灾害防治重点实验室,陕西西安710054

出　　处：《中国安全生产科学技术》2023年第5期164-170,共7页Journal of Safety Science and Technology

基　　金：陕西省创新能力支撑计划项目(2020TD-021)。

摘　　要：为寻求更加环保高效的复合灭火剂,选取含钾盐细水雾与惰性气体(N_(2)、CO_(2))2类对大气环境无影响且灭火效率高的灭火介质,通过自主设计搭建气液灭火Cup-Burner实验装置,对含添加剂细水雾进行熄灭乙醇火和正庚烷火实验,并对K2C2O4、CH_(3)COOK、K_(2)CO_(3)、KCl、KH_(2)PO_(4)共5种钾盐添加剂进行TGA-DSC实验,对其热行为进行合理推测,最后对含钾盐细水雾与2种惰性气体复合的灭火效果及组分间协同性能进行研究。研究结果表明:钾盐添加剂能够提升细水雾的灭火效率,且钾盐种类及浓度的差异会产生不同的影响,不同钾盐细水雾的灭火效果主要取决于其热解产物;在钾盐细水雾与惰性气体复合灭火时,气体体积流量相同条件下钾盐细水雾与CO_(2)复合较与N_(2)灭火效率更高,但CO_(2)在与纯水及1%质量分数钾盐细水雾复合会表现出对抗作用,而N_(2)则基本为正协同性。研究结果可为复合灭火剂灭火效果及其配比提供理论指导。In order to seek a more environmentally friendly and efficient compound fire extinguishing agent,two types of fire extinguishing media including the fine water mist containing potassium salt and the inert gas(N_(2),CO_(2))without impact on the atmospheric environment and with high fire extinguishing efficiency were selected,and a self-designed gas-liquid fire extinguishing Cup-Burner experimental device was built to carry out the fire extinguishing experiments of ethanol fire and n-heptane fire by the fine water mist containing additive.The TGA-DSC experiments were conducted on five potassium salt additives including the K_(2)C_(2)O_(4),CH_(3)COOK,K_(2)CO_(3),KCl and KH_(2)PO_(4),and their thermal behavior were reasonably speculated.Finally,the fire extinguishing effect and inter-component synergistic performance of the fine water mist containing potassium salt compounded with two inert gases were studied.The results showed that the potassium salt additive can improve the fire extinguishing efficiency of the fine water mist,and the difference in the type and concentration of potassium salt will have different effects,the fire extinguishing effect of different potassium salt fine water mist mainly depends on its pyrolysis.Under the same gas volume flow rate,the fire extinguishing efficiency of fine water mist containing potassium salt when compounding with CO_(2)was higher than that with N_(2),but the counter effect would appear when CO_(2)was compounding with pure water and fine water mist containing potassium salt with 1%mass fraction,while N_(2)was basically the positive synergy.The results can provide theoretical guidance for the fire extinguishing effect of compound fire extinguishing agents and their proportions.

关 键 词：杯式燃烧器 细水雾 惰性气体 协同因子 钾盐添加剂 

分 类 号：X932[环境科学与工程—安全科学]