内爆作用下舱室结构毁伤数值模拟研究  

Numerical simulation of damage to cabin structure under implosion

作　　者：钱新明[1] 刘梦华 吴昊[1] 张薇 王子平 袁梦琦 QIAN Xinming;LIU Menghua;WU Hao;ZHANG Wei;WANG Ziping;YUAN Mengqi(State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology,Beijing Institute of Technology,Beijing 100081,China;Beijing Institute of Astronautical Systems Engineering,Beijing 100076,China)

机构地区：[1]北京理工大学爆炸科学与技术国家重点实验室,北京100081 [2]北京宇航系统工程研究所,北京100076

出　　处：《中国安全生产科学技术》2023年第5期171-178,共8页Journal of Safety Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52022012)。

摘　　要：为研究内爆作用下,不同毁伤源形式对火箭发动机舱室的破坏效应,利用LS-DYNA软件建立舱室全尺寸模型,并基于ALE流固耦合算法实现不同工况下(1.5 kg TNT当量下单冲击波、1.5 kg TNT当量下冲击波-破片耦合、15 kg TNT当量下单冲击波、15 kg TNT当量下冲击波-破片耦合),冲击波和破片对舱室的毁伤仿真。研究结果表明:1.5 kg TNT当量下,爆源处未产生壳体破片,单冲击波较冲击波-破片耦合作用对舱室破坏更严重,主要以舱室底板出现破裂孔洞为主,冲击波-破片耦合作用下底板只发生局部变形;当量升至15 kg TNT时,2种破坏模式下舱室整体均发生严重破坏失稳,但冲击波-破片耦合较单冲击波,其破坏时间提前,破坏时长缩短,毁伤面积变大;在各工况下由于应力集中,柱段与底板连接处均最先断裂,并向底板和柱段发展,其中与爆源最近的底板破坏相对更严重。因此,可将底板及其与柱段连接处视为舱室薄弱点,研究结果可为舱室内爆毁伤评估和局部防护研究提供一定参考。In order to study the damage effect of different damage sources on rocket engine cabin under implosion,a full-scale model of the cabin was established by using LS-DYNA software,and the damage simulation of the cabin by shockwave and fragment under different working condition(single shockwave under 1.5 kg TNT equivalent,shockwave-fragment coupling under 1.5 kg TNT equivalent,single shockwave under 15 kg TNT equivalent,shockwave-fragment coupling under 15 kg TNT equivalent)was realized based on ALE fluid-structure interaction algorithm.The results showed that under 1.5 kg TNT equivalent,no shell fragment was generated at the explosion source,and the single shockwave had more serious damage to the cabin than the shockwave-fragment coupling effect,mainly causing the broken holes in the cabin floor,and only local deformation occurred in the floor under the shockwave-fragment coupling effect.When the equivalent increased to 15 kg TNT,the whole cabin under two failure modes was seriously damaged and unstable,but the failure time of the shockwave-fragment coupling effect was earlier,the failure duration was shorter,and the damage area was larger.Under each working condition,due to the stress concentration,the connection between column section and bottom plate was the first to fracture,and developed towards the bottom plate and column section,among which the damage of bottom plate nearest to the explosion source was the most serious.Therefore,the bottom plate and its connection with the column section could be regarded as the weak point of the cabin,which can provide reference for the damage assessment and local protection study of the cabin implosion.

关 键 词：发动机舱室 单冲击波 冲击波-破片耦合 毁伤评估 数值模拟 

分 类 号：X932[环境科学与工程—安全科学] X949