新疆额敏也迷里故城遗址出土彩釉砖的来源研究——兼论也迷里故城遗址的性质问题  

Tracing the Source of the Color-glazed Tiles Excavated at the Site of Historical Town of Yemili in E'min County of Xinjiang Province

作　　者：温睿[1] 吴嘉宝 刘瑞俊 Wen Rui;Wu Jiabao;Liu Ruijun

机构地区：[1]西北大学文化遗产学院,中国-中亚人类环境“一带一路”联合实验室,文化遗产研究与保护技术教育部重点实验室

出　　处：《故宫博物院院刊》2023年第5期17-26,124,125,共12页Palace Museum Journal

基　　金：国家社科基金项目“新疆额敏也迷里故城遗址考古发掘资料整理研究”(项目编号:19XKG005);“西藏象泉河流域早期金属时代出土珠饰生产、流通与文化互动研究”(项目编号:22BKG023)的资助。

摘　　要：也迷里故城遗址位于新疆塔城地区额敏县,是一处宋元时期的大型中心城址。2013年的考古发掘出土了若干制作精良的彩釉砖残片。为探讨遗址出土彩釉砖的性质及来源,本研究通过装饰技法与制作工艺的比较研究,并结合成分分析,确定其为伊尔汗国生产的拉杰瓦迪纳(lajvardina)釉砖。在此基础上,本文根据拉杰瓦迪纳(lajvardina)釉砖生产于13世纪末到14世纪并结合其他出土遗物分析,讨论了也迷里故城遗址的年代问题,认为该遗址就是窝阔台汗国的都城也迷里。也迷里故城遗址出土的釉砖是首次在我国发现的拉杰瓦迪纳(lajvardina)釉砖,改变了学术界关于拉杰瓦迪纳(lajvardina)釉砖传播范围的认知,为进一步探究蒙古几大汗国之间的政治关系与物质文化交流奠定了重要基础。Yemili,a historical town,located in E'min County of Tacheng of Xinjiang Province,used to be a large central city in the Mongol-Yuan period.This thesis focuses on the fine-crafted color-glazed shards unearthed in the ruin site in 2013 concerning decoration and craftsmanship and components to figure out the nature and source of the kind of stuff,followed by the idea that these color-glazed tiles are the products of lajvardina of the kingdom of Ilkhanate.The combination of the fact that lajvardina glazed tiles were made in thelate 13"-14"centuries and the test results of other objects unearthed together proves the site to be Yemili,the capital of the Kingdom of Voghodai Khanate.The lajvardina glazed tiles first found at the site of Yemili matters seriously for academia to recognize how far and wide the lajvardina glazed tiles were spreading throughout history,which will play as a basis for further understanding of the political relations between the Kingdoms of Mongol khanates as well as their cultural and material exchanges.

关 键 词：彩釉砖 拉杰瓦迪纳 也迷里故城遗址 

分 类 号：K876.3[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]