多主体博弈共赢的电动汽车充电桩共享方法  

Electric Vehicle Charging Pile Sharing Method Based on Multi-Subject Game and Win-Win

作　　者：黄小庆[1] 李隆意 徐鹏鑫 王秀茹[2] 韩少华 Huang Xiaoqing;Li Longyi;Xu Pengxin;Wang Xiuru;Han Shaohua(College of Electrical and Information Engineering Hunan University,Changsha 410082 China;State Grid Suqian Power Supply Company,Suqian 223800 China)

机构地区：[1]湖南大学电气与信息工程学院,长沙410082 [2]国网宿迁供电公司,宿迁223800

出　　处：《电工技术学报》2023年第11期2945-2961,共17页Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society

基　　金：国网江苏省电力有限公司科技项目资助(J2020119)。

摘　　要：充电桩共享是缓解车桩配置不平衡的一种可行方案。该文综合考虑配电网、电动汽车(EV)用户、充电桩、聚合商四方主体利益,提出一种基于主从博弈的充电桩共享方法。给出了基于车桩匹配中心的充电桩共享多主体博弈框架,并分别建立四个主体的成本和效益函数;提出考虑节点边际电价的车-桩-网三阶段主从博弈经济调度模型,并给出基于静态不完全信息博弈的充电桩及其聚合商最优报价策略和基于最小费用最大流的车桩匹配策略;结合图论最短路最大流理论,提出基于Ford-Fulkerson最大流算法的主从博弈双层迭代求解方法。算例分析表明,该文所提方法能有效提升四方主体经济效益、车桩匹配成功数和充电桩使用率。With the rapid growth of electric vehicles(EVs),it brings a series of problems to the configuration of charging facilities:(1)the configuration of charging piles is lagging behind the development speed of vehicles seriously;(2)unreasonable distribution of charging piles leads to a large number of idle piles;(3)the huge charging demand has impact on the operation of the power grid.For these problems,charging pile sharing is a feasible solution to alleviate the imbalance of vehicle-pile configuration.The four subjects of EV users,aggregators,charging piles and distribution network participate in shared charging activities.However,researches on this are limited to the single subject optimization,ignoring the master-slave game competition between EV users and distribution network.Towards the win-win goal of distribution network,EV users,charging piles and aggregators,a master-slave game model of charging pile sharing and matching is established.The model can be divided into three stages:in the first stage,the distribution network updates the access load of each distribution network node,takes the minimum operation cost of distribution network as the optimization objective,calculates the locational marginal price(LMP),and sends it to the aggregators and charging piles.In the second stage,the aggregators and the charging piles play a one-to-one pricing game based on the LMP,and the Bayesian Nash equilibrium solution of the game is taken as the final transaction price.In the third stage,the shared matching center aims at maximizing the number of successful matching pairs of vehicle-piles and optimizing the total charging cost of EV users,builds a one-to-many vehicle pile matching model based on the minimum cost and maximum flow model,solves the model to generate a vehicle-pile matching list,calculates the power vector of each distribution network node accessing EV load,and returns to the first stage.Simulation results the charge sharing data show that,the number of EV charges successfully matched by the experimental gro

关 键 词：节点边际电价 主从博弈 最小费用最大流 贝叶斯均衡 充电桩共享 

分 类 号：TM73[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]