结果义指宾状语句的句法语义分析  

Syntactic and Semantic Analysis of the Adverbials in Modern Chinese

作　　者：姜行 Jiang Hang(Faculty of Arts,Xi’an Siyuan University,Xi’an 710038,China)

机构地区：[1]西安思源学院文学院,陕西西安710038

出　　处：《现代语文》2023年第5期70-75,共6页Modern Chinese

基　　金：陕西省教育厅一般专项科研计划项目“现代汉语指宾状语的句法和语义研究”(21JK0292)。

摘　　要：在现代汉语的指宾状语中,有这样一类表达:“老张脆脆地炸了一盘花生米。”其中,单音节形容词重叠作状语,其表结果的语义则指向动词的宾语。着重分析这类结构中指宾状语“脆脆地”的语义制约条件与句法位置。就动词的选择而言,只有客体量变动词、置放类动词能够进入到结果义指宾状语结构中;就宾语的选择而言,动词宾语都是量化了的名词性结构,直接宾语为整个事件提供了一个确定的界限,动词所描述的整个事件都是有界的。这类状语的语义要受到其他因素的制约,如核心动词所描述的事件论元、动词的词汇语义学特征、动词及其直接宾语的内部事件结构等。In Chinese,there are such expressions as“Lao Zhang cuicui de zha le yi pan huashengmi”.In this sentence,monosyllabic adjectives overlap adverbials,and the semantic of the result points to the object of the verb.This paper will analyze the syntactic position and semantic constraint conditions of the adverbial in the structure of Lao Zhang,and point out that the semantic meaning of the adverbial is not directly related to the object,and the semantic meaning of such adverbial is also restricted by other factors.For example,the argument of an event described by a core verb,the lexical semantic features of the verb,the internal event structure of the verb and its direct object,etc.As far as the choice of verbs is concerned,only incremental theme verbs and putting verbs are able to enter into the structure with resultative meaning.The quantized object gives the event denoted by the verb a telic reading.The semantics of this structure is restricted by other reasons,such as the event structure described by the core verb,the lexical semantics of the verb,and its direct object,etc.

关 键 词：指宾状语 结果义 语义制约条件 句法位置 事件论元 动词的及物性 

分 类 号：H146[语言文字—汉语]