‘砧茄一号’砧木新品种特性及其对嫁接番茄农艺性状的影响  

Characteristics of New Rootstock Variety‘Zhenqie No.1’and Its Effect on Agronomic Traits of Grafted Tomatoes

作　　者：苏妮妮 吴浪 习鹏 邓慧琳 黄鹏 杜滟骏 罗玉环 张兴国[1] 潘宇[1] 李金华[1] SU Nini;WU Lang;XI Peng;DENG Huilin;HUANG Peng;DU Yanjun;LUO Yuhuan;ZHANG Xingguo;PAN Yu;LI Jinhua(College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture,Southwest University/Key Laboratory of Horticulture Science for Southern Mountainous Regions,Ministry of Education,Chongqing 400715,China;Guangxi Tianyang Jiadele Agricultural Development Co.Ltd.,Tianyang Guangxi 542899,China;Bureau of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Tianyang District,Baise City,Tianyang Guangxi 542899,China)

机构地区：[1]西南大学园艺园林学院/南方山地教育部园艺学重点实验室,重庆400715 [2]广西田阳家得乐农业开发有限公司,广西田阳542899 [3]百色市田阳区农业农村局,广西田阳542899

出　　处：《西南大学学报（自然科学版）》2023年第6期97-108,共12页Journal of Southwest University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31872123);重庆市自然科学基金项目(cstc2019jcyj-msxmX0333);中央高校基本科研业务费专项(XDJK2020B060).

摘　　要：生产上,嫁接是提高番茄品质和产量的有效措施之一.为了创制抗性强、生长势旺的番茄砧木,以‘砧茄一号’为试验砧木,以番茄上应用最广泛的‘托鲁巴姆’为对照砧木,分别与4种番茄品种进行嫁接,比较两者作为砧木对番茄生长发育、产量和品质等的影响.结果表明:相比于‘托鲁巴姆’,‘砧茄一号’种子发芽显著提前4 d,幼苗的平均株高显著高约2 cm.幼苗的第1,2,3片真叶完整展开耗时缩短8 d,8 d和6 d,幼苗主根显著长约1.2 cm.在干旱胁迫和盐胁迫下,经赤霉素和纯水预处理的‘砧茄一号’种子发芽率分别为100%和75%,87.5%和100%,而‘托鲁巴姆’在两种胁迫下,两种预处理种子的发芽率均为0.与‘托鲁巴姆’砧木番茄相比,‘砧茄一号’砧木番茄果实中的可溶性固形物、可溶性糖和维生素C质量分数呈上升趋势,‘砧茄一号’砧木番茄植株的单果质量、单穗果数、单株结果数和单株产量大多也呈上升趋势.综上表明,采用‘砧茄一号’为砧木能克服‘托鲁巴姆’为砧木时存在的发芽慢、长势弱的局限,同时可显著提高番茄的产量和品质,即‘砧茄一号’可作为番茄嫁接栽培的优良砧木,对高品质番茄的生产具有重要意义.In crop production,tomato grafting is one of the effective methods to improve the quality and yield.Therefore,breeding for tomato rootstocks with strong resistance and vigorous growth is an urgent need to promote high-quality grafted tomatoes.This study took‘Zhenqie No.1’as the experimental rootstock,and most widely used rootstock‘Torubam’as the control to graft with four tomato varieties,respectively,to compare their effects on the growth,development,yield and quality of tomato in this study.The results are as follow:Compared with‘Torubam’,the seed germination of‘Zhenqie No.1’was significantly 4 days earlier,and the average plant height of the seedlings was significantly about 2 cm higher.The complete unfolding time of the first,second and third true leaves of the seedling was significantly shortened by 8d,8d and 6d,respectively,and the main root of the seedling was significantly about 1.2 cm longer.Under drought stress and salt stress,the seed germination rate of‘Zhenqie No.1’pretreated with gibberellin and pure water was 100%and 75%,87.5%and 100%,respectively,while that of‘Torubam’was 0 under two kinds of stresses.Compared with‘Tolubam’rootstock tomato,the quality fractions of soluble solids,soluble sugar and vitamin C in the fruits of‘Zhenqie No.1’rootstock tomato increased,respectively.In addition,compared with‘Tolubam’rootstock tomato,the quality of single fruit,the number of fruit per spike,the number of fruit per plant and the yield per plant of tomato on rootstock‘Zhenqie No.1’increased.To sum up,application of‘Zhenqie No.1’as the rootstock can well overcome the limitations of slow germination and weak growth when using‘Torubam’as the rootstock,and can significantly improve the yield and quality of tomato.Therefore,‘rootstock No.1’can be used as a good rootstock for tomato grafting cultivation,which is of great significance to produce high-quality tomato.

关 键 词：番茄 嫁接 砧木 品质 产量 

分 类 号：S641.2[农业科学—蔬菜学]