籼粳杂交水稻多旋翼无人机辅助授粉流场特性分析  

Research on pollination field characteristics of multi-rotor agricultural unmanned aerial vehicle in indica-japonica hybrid rice seed production

作　　者：翁晓星 徐锦大 王建军[2] 王刚 黄赟 赵晋 林宇钢 WENG Xiaoxing;XU Jinda;WANG Jianjun;WANG Gang;HUANG Yun;ZHAO Jin;LIN Yugang(Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Machinery,Jinhua 321017;Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Hangzhou 310022)

机构地区：[1]浙江省农业机械研究院,金华321017 [2]浙江省农业科学院,杭州310022

出　　处：《高技术通讯》2023年第3期314-321,共8页Chinese High Technology Letters

基　　金：浙江省重点研发计划(2019C02007)资助项目。

摘　　要：为了解决多旋翼无人机(UAV)在籼粳杂交稻辅助授粉过程中流场特性参数难以求解的问题,提出了一种基于湍流模型的流场特性分析方法,同时给出无人机授粉飞行作业轨迹设计深入研究的相关建议。以四旋翼农用无人机为例,通过纳维-斯托克斯(N-S)方程和压力耦合方程的半隐相容(SIMPLEC)算法,利用k-ε湍流模型,模拟四旋翼无人机在不同旋翼速度条件下旋翼风场的流场特性以及不同时刻花粉颗粒的运动轨迹。仿真结果表明,在旋翼模型处于悬停飞行状态下旋翼的最大速度位于外径边缘区域,沿四周扩散方向速度逐渐降低,靠近旋转轴的速度接近于0;在花粉模型中,当旋翼的转速增大时流场的速度也随之增大,花粉颗粒运动也加速扩散,即旋翼的转速越大,散粉的效率越高,能达到更好的授粉效果。田间实验表明,结合理论研究设计出的规划飞行路径可提高作业效率。To solve the flow field characteristic parameters of multi-rotor unmanned aerial vehicel(UAV)in the supplementary pollination process of indica-japonica hybrid rice,a flow field characteristic analysis method based on the turbulence model is proposed,and suggestions for further study on a UAV pollination flight trajectory design are given.By solving Navier-Stokes(N-S)equations and the pressure-linked equation using the semi-implicit method for pressure-linked equation consistent(SIMPLEC)algorithm,the k-εturbulence model is used to simulate the flow of the rotor wind field and the pollen particle trajectory at different time of the quadrotor UAV under different rotor speeds.Simulation results show that when the rotor model is hovering,the maximum velocity of the rotor is located at the edge of the outer diameter,and the velocity decreases gradually along the surrounding diffusion direction and approaches zero near the rotation axis.In the pollen model,when the rotor speed increases,the velocity of the flow field also increases.The movement of pollen grains is also accelerated.That is,the greater the rotor speed,the higher the spreading efficiency of the powder,and the higher the effect of pollination.Field experiments show that the planned flight path designed based on the theoretical research can improve the operation efficiency.

关 键 词：无人机(UAV) 辅助授粉 颗粒轨迹 流场特性 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]