桥墩泡沫铝基组合防撞装置耗能机理及缓冲效果  

Energy Consumption Mechanism and Buffering Effect of Foam Aluminum⁃based Composite Anti⁃collision Device for Bridge Piers

作　　者：郭铮 易雪斌 王斌 李林 王东坡[2] 闫帅星 GUO Zheng;YI Xuebin;WANG Bin;LI Lin;WANG Dongpo;YAN Shuaixing(Lanzhou Railway Survey and Design Institute Co.Ltd.,Lanzhou 730030,China;State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection,Chengdu University of Technology,Chengdu 610059,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州铁道设计院有限公司,兰州730030 [2]成都理工大学地质灾害防治与地质环境保护国家重点实验室,成都610059

出　　处：《铁道建筑》2023年第5期87-93,共7页Railway Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(42207232);兰州铁道设计院有限公司科研项目(兰院科2022-02号)。

摘　　要：滚石灾害严重威胁山区铁路桥墩建设及运营安全。针对现有桥墩防撞装置存在缓冲效果差、不易安装修复等不足,开展防撞装置耗能机理及缓冲效果研究,提出采用具有优良耗能缓冲性能的泡沫铝和聚氨酯材料多层组合的防撞装置。结果表明:泡沫铝和聚氨酯材料均具有稳定的变形破坏模式和较长的应力平台区,可持续稳定地吸收能量;组合结构耗能效果与缓冲材料的厚度和密度分布相关,增加泡沫铝材料厚度和密度,组合结构吸能总量增幅较大,吸能效率和吸能稳定性受组合结构中的聚氨酯材料的影响较大;防撞装置缓冲材料按上层(表层)50 mm聚氨酯、下层(底层)50 mm泡沫铝的双层结构配置,防护效果最佳。The rockfall seriously threatens the construction and operation safety of railway piers in mountainous areas.In response to the shortcomings of the existing bridge pier collision protection device,such as poor buffering effect and difficult installation and repair,research was conducted on the energy dissipation mechanism and buffering effect of the anti-collision device.It was proposed to use a multi-layer combination of foam aluminum and polyurethane materials with excellent energy dissipation and buffering performance as the anti-collision protection device.The results show that both foamed aluminum and polyurethane materials have stable deformation and failure modes,long stress platform and sustainable and stable energy absorption.The energy dissipation effect of the composite structure is related to the thickness and density distribution of the buffer material.With the increase of the thickness and density of the foamed aluminum material,the total energy absorption of the composite structure increases greatly,and the energy absorption efficiency and energy absorption stability are greatly affected by the polyurethane material in the composite structure.The buffer material of the anti-collision device is configured with a double-layer structure of 50 mm polyurethane on the super(surface)layer and 50 mm foam aluminum on the lower(bottom)layer,with the best protection effect.

关 键 词：山区铁路桥墩 泡沫铝基组合防撞装置 桥墩防撞 模型试验 组合耗能 

分 类 号：U443.22[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程]