丝绸之路经济带危险货物公铁联运路径优化  

Hazmat Route Optimization by Road-rail Intermodal Transport in the Silk Road Economic Zone

作　　者：方圆 贾晓燕[1] FANG Yuan;JIA Xiao-yan(School of Transportation,Lanzhou Jiaotong University,Lanzhou 730000,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州交通大学交通运输学院,兰州730000

出　　处：《科学技术与工程》2023年第15期6614-6622,共9页Science Technology and Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(72161022);甘肃省高等学校创新基金(2021A-036);甘肃省自然科学基金(22JR5RA364)。

摘　　要：组织危险货物公铁联运时,运输路径的选择对于降低作业风险和运输成本至关重要。以丝绸之路经济带为背景,研究危险货物公铁联路径优化问题。系统分析了公路与铁路的运输成本及风险,建立了兼顾成本(运输成本、碳排放成本、软时间窗惩罚成本)和风险(运输风险)的多目标非线性优化模型,通过线性加权转化为单目标优化问题,并设计了改进非支配排序遗传算法(non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm-Ⅱ)求解。改进种群初始化过程,引入协同选择的精英策略,并改进了交叉算子。最后,结合算例进行求解。结果表明:改进后的NSGA-Ⅱ算法空间分布更为均匀,且前沿跨度更大,优化的运输方案中运输节点更少、运输路径更短;总成本、总风险相比NSGA-Ⅱ算法更低,算法搜索性和求解精度明显提高。When organizing the intermodal transport of hazmat by road-rail,choosing route is crucial to reduce operational risks and transport costs.Based on the Silk Road Economic Zone,the hazmat route optimization problem was studied by road-rail intermodal transport.The transportation costs and risks of both the highway and the railway was analyzed systematically,and a multi-objective nonlinear optimization model that consider both costs(transportation costs,carbon emissions costs,and soft time window penalty costs)and risks(transportation risks)was established.Through linear weighting the optimal model was transformed into a single-objective one,and an improved non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm-Ⅱwas designed to solve it.The process of population initialization was improved,the elite strategy of cooperative selection was introduced,and the crossover operator was enhanced as well.Finally,a numerical example was solved.The result shows that the improved NSGA-Ⅱalgorithm is more uniform in spatial distribution,and the front span is larger.The optimized transportation scheme owns fewer transportation nodes and shorter transportation path,simultaneously.Compared with NSGA-Ⅱalgorithm,the total costs and risks obtained by this algorithm decreased dramatically,Besides,both the searching ability and the solving accuracy are significantly improved.

关 键 词：危险货物 公铁联运 NSGA-Ⅱ算法 路径优化 

分 类 号：U294.8[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]