前飞状态旋翼变转速过程瞬态载荷过冲研究  

Transient Load Overshoot of Rotor During Varying Speed Process in Forward Flight

作　　者：宋彬 周云[1] Song Bin;Zhou Yun(China Helicopter Research and Development Institute,Jingdezhen 333001,China)

机构地区：[1]中国直升机设计研究所,江西景德镇333001

出　　处：《航空科学技术》2023年第5期14-24,共11页Aeronautical Science & Technology

摘　　要：变转速旋翼在高速及长航时直升机等领域有巨大的应用前景,旋翼变转速过程的瞬态动力学响应及载荷特性,对直升机飞行控制和部件结构设计都至关重要。本文基于相对坐标描述的拉格朗日递推多体动力学方法,构建了一套旋翼变转速过程瞬态动力学分析模型,能够体现动态时变的旋翼转速和旋转角加速度对动力学响应的影响,在此基础上,对旋翼变转速过程的瞬态动力学行为进行了数值仿真分析研究。结果显示,旋翼变转速过渡过程,对摆振方向动力学影响十分显著,进而会引起旋翼轴扭矩瞬态载荷过冲现象;采用平滑进入/改成的变转速策略,有利于减小旋翼轴扭矩过冲载荷;旋翼升转速和降转速过程,会产生不同的动力学影响;变转速过渡时间是影响瞬态动力学特性最重要的因素,随着角加速度的增大,旋翼轴扭矩载荷过冲会急剧增大;旋翼拉力水平、前飞速度等飞行状态参数,主要影响稳定状态下的载荷基准值,对瞬态载荷过冲幅值也具有一定的影响。Variable speed rotor has great application prospects in the fields of high-speed helicopter and long endurance helicopter.The transient dynamic response and load characteristics of rotor during varying speed process are very important for helicopter flight control and component structure design.In this paper,a lagrangian recursive multibody dynamics method based on relative coordinate description is presented,and constructs a set of transient dynamics model of rotor during varying speed process,which can reflect the influence of time-varying rotor speed and rotational angular acceleration on rotor dynamics.Based on this,the transient dynamic behavior of rotor is numerically simulated and analyzed.The results show that the transient process of rotor varying speed has significant impact on the rotor lag dynamics,which will cause rotor shaft torque overshoot.The variable speed strategy of smooth start and end is helpful to reduce transient loads.Rotor acceleration and deceleration process will cause different dynamic effects.The transition time is the most important factor affecting the transient dynamic characteristics.With the increase of angular acceleration,the over-shoot of rotor shaft torque will increase sharply.The flight conditions such as rotor thrust and forward flight speed mainly affect the load reference value in the steady state and have a certain influence on the overshoot amplitude of the transient load.

关 键 词：变转速旋翼 变转速过渡过程 瞬态动力学 多体动力学 递推算法 

分 类 号：V214.19[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]