量子点及其复合材料作为碱金属离子电池负极的研究进展  

Advances in the research of quantum dots anode for alkali metal ion batteries

作　　者：周俊龙 赵鲁康 刘朝孟 高宣雯 骆文彬 ZHOU Junlong;ZHAO Lukang;LIU Zhaomeng;GAO Xuanwen;LUO Wenbin(School of Metallurgy,Northeastern University,Shenyang 110000,Liaoning,China)

机构地区：[1]东北大学冶金学院,辽宁沈阳110000

出　　处：《储能科学与技术》2023年第5期1392-1408,共17页Energy Storage Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学青年基金(52204308);中国博士后基金面上项目(ZX20220158);“兴辽英才”青年拔尖(XLYC2007155);中央高校基本科研业务费(N2025018,N2025009);东北大学博士后基金(01270012810287)。

摘　　要：负极材料作为碱金属离子电池的重要组成部分,对电池的性能有着巨大的影响。传统的负极材料如石墨,由于比容量低很难满足未来对储能的需求。因此,寻找具有高比容量、优异的循环性能和稳定性能的负极材料至关重要。量子点因细小的尺寸和超高的比表面积被广泛用于与负极基体材料复合,由量子点修饰的复合负极材料在碱金属离子电池中表现出优异的电化学性能。然而,目前对量子点及其复合材料用于碱金属离子电池负极的研究缺乏综述和展望。本文从金属氧化物量子点、金属硫化物量子点、金属氮化物量子点、碳量子点、单质类量子点以及其他类型量子点这6个方面对应用于碱金属离子电池负极的量子点进行综述,重点分析了各类量子点修饰的复合材料的作用机理和电化学性能。综合分析表明,量子点复合负极材料能有效缩短碱金属离子的扩散路径,提供更丰富的活性位点以及具有更高的循环稳定性,有望成为碱金属离子电池最具前途的负极材料。此外,本文总结了量子点复合负极材料存在的问题,并对未来量子点及其复合材料在电池领域的发展前景作了展望:(1)优化量子点合成路径;(2)明确量子点作用机理;(3)减少副反应消耗;(4)选用更合适的基体材料。As an important component of alkali metal ion batteries,the anode has a huge impact on the performance of the batteries.Traditional anode such as graphene are difficult to meet the future demand for energy storage due to their low specific capacity.Therefore,it is crucial to find anode materials with high specific capacity,excellent cycling performance and stability performance.Quantum dots are widely used for compositing with anode due to their fine size and huge specific surface areas.This anode composite with quantum dot structure shows excellent electrochemical performance in alkali metal ion batteries.However,there is a lack of review and outlook on the research of quantum dots and their composites for the anode of alkali metal ion batteries.In this paper,six aspects of quantum dots,namely,metal oxide quantum dots,metal sulfide quantum dots,metal nitride quantum dots,carbon quantum dots,monolithic quantum dots and other types of quantum dots for alkali metal ion batteries are reviewed.They are focused on the mechanism of action and electrochemical properties of various types of quantum dots for composite materials.Quantum dot composite anode materials can effectively shorten the diffusion path of alkali metal ions,provide more active sites and have higher cycle stability,and are expected to become the most promising anode materials for alkali metal ion batteries.Besides,this paper analyze the problems of quantum dot anode composites,and also make an outlook on the future development of quantum dots and their composites in the field of batteries:①Optimize quantum dots synthesis path;②Clarify the mechanism of action of quantum dots;③Reduce side effect;④Select more suitable host materials.

关 键 词：碱金属离子电池 量子点 负极 复合材料 电化学性能 

分 类 号：TM911[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动]