某金矿爆炸事故中爆源参数反演计算  

Inverse Calculation of Blast Source Parameters in Gold Mine Explosion Accident

作　　者：李欣 张刚 陈先锋[3] 李毅[3] LI Xin;ZHANG Gang;CHEN Xian-feng;LI Yi(Huangshi Fire Rescue Detachment,Huangshi 435000,China;Nanyang Explosion Proof Electric Research Institute,Nanyang 473000,China;Wuhan University of Technology,Wuhan 430070,China)

机构地区：[1]黄石市消防救援支队,黄石435000 [2]南阳防爆电气研究所有限公司,南阳473000 [3]武汉理工大学,武汉430070

出　　处：《爆破》2023年第2期25-29,共5页Blasting

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52274224)。

摘　　要：无论暴恐事件、爆炸安全事故,爆源相关参数如爆炸当量,始终是爆炸后事故调查的重要内容。爆炸荷载作用下介质的特征痕迹提取与研究是爆炸事故追根溯源与爆源参数获取的重要依据。本文介绍了爆炸特征痕迹(如爆坑、周围建筑物破坏情况、人员损伤程度等)的典型研究进展。对于药包的近地面爆炸、地表裸露爆炸与具有一定埋深的爆炸,其爆炸后形成的爆坑形状与尺寸存在较大差别。相关学者深入探讨了爆坑尺寸与爆炸当量、炸药高度等的关系。2021年,国内某金矿发生井下炸药爆炸事故,系井口焊渣掉落,引燃井下可燃物及相关爆破器材所致。以爆炸事故现场形成的三个爆坑痕迹为切入点,基于爆坑尺寸参数,经反演计算得到其TNT当量分别为654.17 kg、232.49 kg、193.83 kg。根据反演得到的爆炸TNT当量,计算获得竖井井壁质点振动速度为40 cm/s,井壁冲击波超压为2129 Pa。通过比对爆炸后罐笼、井壁外观损伤形貌,计算结果与罐笼、井壁损伤程度具有一致性。该研究方法对类似爆炸事故的溯源追踪具有一定参考价值。No matter violent&terrorist incidents or explosion accidents,parameters related to the explosion source,such as explosive equivalent,are always important for the post-explosion accident investigation.The characteristic trace of the medium under explosion load is an important basis for tracing the cause of an explosion accident and obtaining the corresponding explosion source parameters.After reviewing the typical research progress of explosive characteristic traces,including explosion crater,damage of surrounding buildings,and personnel damage degree,it is found that there are significant differences in the shape and size among the explosion craters created by near surface explosions,exposed surface explosions and explosions with certain depth.This research is based on an underground explosion accident in a gold mine in 2021,which was caused by that the dropped welding slag from the shaft ignited the underground combustible materials and explosive equipment.According to the sizes of three explosion craters formed at the accident site,the TNT equivalents are calculated as 654.17 kg,232.49 kg and 193.83 kg,respectively.Then,the particle vibration velocity and the shock wave overpressure of the shaft wall are calculated as 40 cm/s and 2129 Pa,according to the TNT equivalents.The calculation results are consistent with the damage degree of the cage and shaft wall.

关 键 词：爆炸特征痕迹 爆坑 爆炸当量 超压 

分 类 号：X932[环境科学与工程—安全科学]