公开个人信息处理的默认规则——基于《个人信息保护法》第27条第1分句  

Default Rules for Public Personal Information Processing——Based on the First Sentence of Article 27 of the Personal Information Protection Law

作　　者：张薇薇[1] Zhang Weiwei

机构地区：[1]厦门大学法学院,福建厦门361005

出　　处：《法律科学（西北政法大学学报）》2023年第3期62-75,共14页Science of Law：Journal of Northwest University of Political Science and Law

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目(18BFX005)“依法治国和依规治党有机统一研究”。

摘　　要：同意和默认同意构成《个人信息保护法》处理个人信息的合法性基础。默认规则是基于促进个人信息的合理利用、维护公共利益和国家利益等理由的默认同意规则。《个人信息保护法》第27条第1分句一方面推定信息主体同意信息处理者处理公开的个人信息,建构起基于知情同意的默认规则;另一方面赋予信息主体对默认规则的“明确”拒绝权,二者共同构筑了处理公开个人信息默认规则的完整架构。作为一种倾向性的默认规则,该分句是对信息主体完全理性和有限理性的调和,也是在知情同意框架下通过助推的方式促成不同群体利益的调和;它在尊重个体自由与自主的前提下,通过规则设置突破基于知情同意的“个人控制”模式,拓展了信息处理者自主处理个人信息的空间。Consent and tacit consent constitute the legitimacy basis of personal information processing in the Personal Information Protection Law.The default rule is the tacit consent based on the reasonable use of personal information,the maintenance of public interests,national interests and other reasons.On the one hand,the first sentence of Article 27 of the Personal Information Protection Law presumes that the information subjects agree with the information processor to deal with the public personal information,and constructs the default rule based on informed consent;On the other hand,the information subjects are given the “explicit” right to reject the default rules.The two parts constitute the complete framework of the default rules.As a tendentious default rule,“clause 1 of Article 2” is not only the reconciliation of the fully rational and limited rational portrait of the information subject,but also the reconciliation of the interests of different groups through nudging under the framework of informed consent.On the premise of respecting individual freedom and autonomy,the rule setting breaks through the “personal control” mode based on informed consent and expands the space for information processors to process personal information independently.

关 键 词：个人信息保护法 公开个人信息 默认规则 知情同意 

分 类 号：D911.04[政治法律—宪法学与行政法学]