海洋强国视域下国际海洋划界规则新发展之检视--兼论其在东海的适用  

New Development of the International Maritime Delimitation Rules from the Perspective of a Maritime Power-With a Discussion of its Application in the East China Sea

作　　者：叶泉[1] YE Quan

机构地区：[1]东南大学法学院

出　　处：《北方法学》2023年第3期120-133,共14页Northern Legal Science

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大研究专项“命运共同体理念下中国参与国际海底区域治理行动方案研究”(20VHQ009);江苏省社会科学基金一般项目“领土海洋争端司法化趋势及中国的应对研究”(22FXB004)的研究成果。

摘　　要：海洋划界规则的发展主要依靠国际司法机构的判例来推动。自2009年“黑海划界案”以来,“三阶段划界方法”逐渐成为国际司法实践中的主导方法,这一趋势与我国在东海一贯坚持的划界立场有所偏差,从而为我国在东海的维权带来新的挑战。“三阶段划界方法”固然存在诸多不足,但一味地反对这种方法既无助于东海划界争端的解决,也无法有效维护我国在东海的权益。现阶段,我国一方面需要提出有力证据,证明中日两国并非共大陆架,继续主张在自然延伸基础上公平解决两国的划界争端。另一方面,应结合最新发展,提出方案以化解专属经济区和大陆架分开划界将带来的管辖权冲突,主张忽略钓鱼岛作为构建临时等距离线的基点,依据我国的相关海岸线长于日本这一事实,坚持将临时等距离线向有利于我国的方向调整。The development of maritime delimitation rules is mainly driven by the jurisprudence of international judicial bodies.Since the Black Sea case in 2009,the"three-stage delimitation approach"has gradually become the dominant method in international judicial practices,and this trend deviates from China's consistent position of delimitation in the East China Sea.This trend is inconsistent with the delimitation position China has always adhered to,thus bringing new challenges to China to safeguard its rights in the East China Sea.The"three-stage delimitation approach"has many shortcomings,but blindly opposing it will neither help to resolve the dispute nor effectively safeguard China's rights and interests in the East China Sea.At the present stage,China needs to present strong evidences to prove that the Okinawa Trough disrupted the continental shelf,and continue to advocate for the equitable settlement of the delimitation dispute between the two sides on the basis of natural prolongation.On the other hand,incorporating the latest developments,China should propose a solution to the jurisdictional conflicts arising from the separate delimitation of the exclusive economic zone and the continental shelf and ignore Diaoyu Islands as the base points for constructing the provisional equidistance line.According to the fact that China's relevant coastline is longer than that of Japan,we should stick to adjust the provisional equidistance line in favor of China.

关 键 词：海洋划界 三阶段划界方法 东海争端 钓鱼岛争端 

分 类 号：DF932[政治法律—国际法学]