贵州澳洲坚果果实发育动态及模型建立  

Fruit Development Dynamics and Model Establishment of Four Macadamia ssp.Varieties in Guizhou

作　　者：韩树全 罗立娜[1] 卢加举[1] 贺尔奇 卢振亚 HAN Shuquan;LUO Li’na;LU Jiaju;HE Erqi;LU Zhenya(Institute of Subtropical Crops,Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Xingyi Guizhou 562400,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州省亚热带作物研究所,贵州兴义562400

出　　处：《种子》2023年第4期79-85,97,共8页Seed

基　　金：贵州省科技支撑项目(黔科合成果[2020]1 Y 047);贵州省科技支撑项目(黔科合支撑[2019]2273)。

摘　　要：为明确澳洲坚果品种在贵州的生长发育规律,了解其生长发育重要节点,本研究以4个澳洲坚果品种(O.C、HAES 788、HAES 344和H 2)为材料,在果实发育期,对果实重量、果径、果形指数、相对生长速率等性状进行测定及分析,采用Logistic模型对果实纵、横径和果实重量进行拟合。结果表明,随着果实发育,果实、壳果的重量和果径大小总体逐渐增大,呈“S”型动态曲线变化;花后15~60 d是果实重量和果径增长最为迅速的阶段;壳果重量快速生长出现在花后60 d前;果仁重量快速增长在花后90 d前;果实的果形指数呈近似“L”型动态曲线变化;花后75 d是澳洲坚果果实发育的关键分界点,此时果实重量和果径大小接近成熟期的水平,后期增加量降低;4个澳洲坚果品种果实重量和果径的Logistic生长模型拟合系数大于0.805,与实测值相关性均达到显著水平,能较好地反映出果实的生长发育动态。根据Logistic模型及果实的实际生长,可将整个生长期分为果实膨大期和油分积累期2个阶段。In order to clarify the growth and development laws of Macadamia ssp.varieties in Guizhou and understand the important nodes of their growth and development,this study took four Macadamia ssp.varieties(O.C,HAES 788,HAES 344 and H 2)as materials.During the fruit development period,fruit weight,fruit diameter,fruit shape index,relative growth rate and other traits were measured and analyzed.Logistic model was used to fit the longitudinal and transverse diameters and fruit weights.The results showed that with the development of fruit,the weight and diameter of fruit and shell fruit gradually increased,showing an“S”shaped dynamic curve.The fruit weight and diameter increased most rapidly from 15 to 60 days after anthesis.Shell fruit weight rapid growth appeared before 60 days after anthesis.Kernel weight increased rapidly before 90 days after flowering.The fruit shape index showed an approximate“L”shaped dynamic curve.75 days after anthesis was the key dividing point of Macadamia ssp.nut fruit development.At this time,fruit weight and diameter were close to the level of mature stage,and the increase of fruit in later stage was reduced.The fitting coefficient of Logistic growth model for fruit weight and fruit diameter of 4 Macadamia ssp.varieties was greater than 0.805,and the correlation with measured values reached significant level,which could better reflect the growth and development of fruit.According to Logistic model and actual fruit growth,the whole growth period could be divided into two stages:fruit expansion stage and oil accumulation stage.

关 键 词：澳洲坚果 生长发育 数学模型 发育动态 

分 类 号：S635.3[农业科学—蔬菜学]