区块链环境风险的逻辑缘起、规制困境及其制度纾解  

Environmental risks from blockchain technology: origin, dilemma and solution

作　　者：秦鹏[1] 周圣佑 QIN-Peng;ZHOU Sheng-you

机构地区：[1]重庆大学法学院,重庆400044

出　　处：《东南大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2023年第3期80-89,147,共11页Journal of Southeast University(Philosophy and Social Science)

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费重大项目“绿色发展的法律制度和政策体系研究”(2020CDJSK08PT05)成果之一。

摘　　要：区块链技术在迅猛发展带来红利的同时,也引发了电子垃圾增长、能源消耗过度和温室效应加剧等环境风险。区块链在法律关系层面普遍呈现出主体难以确定、内容权责复杂、客体配置失序等特性,缘由主要是存在生产者责任延伸制度失灵、能源监管制度功能失位、碳排放管理制度有短板等规制困境。为保障区块链行业的有序成长和绿色发展,应完善环境保护制度体系,加强对区块链参与主体的监管;通过共识协议转型、环境税收和电力政策法规完善,缓解过度竞争关系;建立网络虚拟财产的合法性边界,破解资源相对稀缺问题。The rapid development of blockchain technology is coupled with the environmental risks such as increased electronic waste, excessive energy consumption and intensified greenhouse effects. At the legal level, blockchain technology commonly exhibits characteristics of uncertain subjects, complex rights and responsibilities, and disorderly object configuration. The main reasons behind these characteristics are the failure of producer responsibility extension systems, the misalignment of energy regulatory systems, and shortcomings in carbon emission management regulations. In order to ensure the orderly growth and sustainable development of the blockchain industry, it is necessary to improve the environmental protection system and strengthen regulatory oversight of participants in the blockchain sector. Measures such as transitioning consensus protocols, implementing environmental taxation, and refining electricity policy regulations can help alleviate excessive competitive relationships. Additionally, establishing the legal boundaries for virtual assets in the network can address the issue of relative scarcity of resources.

关 键 词：区块链 生产者责任延伸制度 能源监管 碳排放管理 

分 类 号：D922.68[政治法律—环境与资源保护法学] X322[政治法律—法学]