基于Bow-tie模型的吊装作业倾覆事故分析  

Analysis on Overturning Accidents in Lifting OperationsBased on Bow-tie Model

作　　者：尹雪晨 胡向阳 孙宁昊 YIN Xuechen;HU Xiangyang;SUN Ninghao(School of Emergency Management and Safety Engineering,China University of Mining and Technology-Beijing,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学(北京)应急管理与安全工程学院,北京100083

出　　处：《安全》2023年第6期88-93,I0005,共7页Safety & Security

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助(52074302)。

摘　　要：为了解吊装作业事故的原因,有效预防和减少吊装事故的发生,统计分析我国2012-2022年发生的吊装作业事故,选择发生频率最高的倾覆事故作为研究对象,运用Bow-tie模型分析吊装作业倾覆事故的主要危害因素和事故后果,构建了吊装倾覆事故的事故树—事件树Bow-tie模型,并选择事故案例进行实证分析。分析显示:吊装倾覆事故的主要原因有起吊操作错误、超载、失衡和干涉等;事故后果主要为人员伤亡、吊车或设备损毁和二次伤害。说明:Bow-tie模型不仅可以清晰地表示出事故原因,还能直观地显示出事故发生的后果以及相应的预防和控制对策措施,为吊装作业事故致因分析和事故预防提供了一种切实有效的分析方法。In order to understand the causes of crane operation accidents and effectively prevent and reduce the occurrence of crane accidents,crane operation accidents occurred in China during 2012-2022 were statistically analyzed,the most frequent overturning accident was selected as the research object,the Bow-tie model was used to analyze the main hazard factors and accident consequences of crane operation overturning accidents,and the Bow-tie model with the accident tree-event tree of crane overturning accidents was constructed.The accident cases were selected to carry out the verification analysis.The results show that the main causes of lifting overturning accidents are lifting operation error,overload,imbalance and interference,etc.The consequences of accidents are mainly casualties,crane or equipment damage and secondary injuries.And the Bow-tie model can not only clearly represent the cause of the accident,but also visually show the consequences of the accident and the corresponding prevention and control countermeasures,which provides a practical and effective method for the analysis of the cause of overturning accidents and accident prevention.

关 键 词：Bow-tie模型 吊装作业 倾覆事故 案例分析 

分 类 号：X928.4[环境科学与工程—安全科学]